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Career in Research in Biotechnology

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Introduction

Biotechnology is a rapidly advancing field that combines biology, technology, and innovation to develop solutions in diverse industries such as medicine, agriculture, environmental science, and food production. The career opportunities in biotechnology are vast, particularly in the research domain, where professionals work on cutting-edge projects to solve critical challenges faced by society. Research in biotechnology encompasses various subfields, such as molecular biology, genetic engineering, bioinformatics, and pharmaceutical research.

This study module will provide a comprehensive overview of a career in research within biotechnology, outlining the education and skills required, job prospects, key areas of research, and further resources for anyone interested in pursuing a career in this field.

Career opportunities in biotechnology research,
Jobs in biotechnology research,
Skills required for biotech research careers,
How to start a career in biotechnology research,
Future scope of biotechnology research jobs

Table of Contents

  1. What is Biotechnology Research?
  2. Educational Requirements for a Career in Biotechnology Research
    • Undergraduate Studies
    • Graduate Studies
    • PhD and Postdoctoral Research
  3. Key Skills Required in Biotechnology Research
    • Technical Skills
    • Soft Skills
  4. Main Areas of Research in Biotechnology
    • Medical Biotechnology
    • Agricultural Biotechnology
    • Environmental Biotechnology
    • Industrial Biotechnology
    • Bioinformatics
  5. Job Prospects in Biotechnology Research
    • Academic Research
    • Industry Jobs
    • Government and Private Sector
    • International Opportunities
  6. Top Employers in Biotechnology Research
  7. Salary Prospects and Career Growth
  8. Website Links for Further Reading
  9. Conclusion

1. What is Biotechnology Research?

Biotechnology research involves the use of living organisms or their components (such as cells, enzymes, or DNA) to develop new technologies or products that address societal challenges. The field is interdisciplinary, involving various branches of science, including biology, chemistry, engineering, and physics. Researchers in biotechnology work in labs to conduct experiments, analyze data, and develop new products and processes that can be commercialized or applied to various industries.

Biotechnology research can be applied to:

  • Developing vaccines and therapies for diseases.
  • Improving agricultural crop yields and resistance.
  • Addressing environmental concerns through bio-remediation.
  • Creating sustainable alternatives to chemical processes.

2. Educational Requirements for a Career in Biotechnology Research

Undergraduate Studies

A career in biotechnology research typically begins with a Bachelor’s degree in Biotechnology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, or a related field. A solid understanding of basic biological sciences, chemistry, and mathematics is essential at this stage.

  • Key subjects to focus on:
    • Genetics
    • Cell Biology
    • Microbiology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Biochemistry
    • Biotechnology Principles
    • Computational Biology

Graduate Studies

Many biotechnology researchers continue their education with a Master’s degree (MSc or MTech) in Biotechnology, Bioinformatics, or other specialized fields. Graduate programs often involve laboratory work, where students can gain hands-on experience with advanced biotechnological tools and techniques.

  • Key areas to specialize in:
    • Genetic Engineering
    • Nanobiotechnology
    • Protein Engineering
    • Plant Biotechnology
    • Bioprocessing

PhD and Postdoctoral Research

A PhD is essential for those who want to lead independent research projects or work in academic institutions. Doctoral programs focus on specialized research topics, and candidates must contribute original findings to the field. Postdoctoral research further refines expertise and can open doors to advanced positions in research labs, both in academia and industry.

  • Key research areas for PhD:
    • Genomics and Proteomics
    • CRISPR and Genetic Editing Technologies
    • Drug Development and Design
    • Stem Cell Research

3. Key Skills Required in Biotechnology Research

Technical Skills

Biotechnology research requires a combination of laboratory and computational skills. These are essential for performing experiments, analyzing results, and making breakthroughs.

  • Laboratory Skills:
    • PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
    • Gel Electrophoresis
    • DNA/RNA Sequencing
    • Protein Purification
    • Microbial Culturing
    • CRISPR Gene Editing
  • Computational Skills:
    • Bioinformatics Tools (BLAST, GenBank)
    • Data Analysis (Statistical and Bioinformatics Software)
    • Computational Modeling

Soft Skills

Along with technical expertise, researchers must possess certain soft skills, including:

  • Critical Thinking: Ability to analyze complex biological systems and devise innovative solutions.
  • Attention to Detail: Precision in conducting experiments and recording data.
  • Communication Skills: Writing research papers, grant proposals, and presenting findings.
  • Teamwork and Collaboration: Working in multidisciplinary teams, often with biologists, chemists, and engineers.

4. Main Areas of Research in Biotechnology

Medical Biotechnology

Medical biotechnology focuses on using biotechnological tools to develop new medicines, vaccines, diagnostic methods, and therapies for diseases. Key areas include:

  • Gene therapy
  • Cancer research
  • Vaccine development
  • Personalized medicine
  • Stem cell research

Agricultural Biotechnology

Agricultural biotechnology deals with improving crop yields, pest resistance, and nutritional content. This field aims to increase food security and sustainability.

  • Genetically modified crops
  • Pest-resistant plants
  • Biofertilizers and biopesticides
  • Soil health and crop production

Environmental Biotechnology

This area is focused on using biotechnological techniques to tackle environmental issues. Common applications include:

  • Bioremediation of pollutants
  • Wastewater treatment
  • Green energy production (e.g., biofuels)
  • Carbon capture and storage

Industrial Biotechnology

Industrial biotechnology uses biological processes to produce chemicals, materials, and energy. This includes:

  • Bioprocessing and fermentation
  • Biodegradable plastics
  • Renewable energy sources

Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that applies computational techniques to analyze biological data, such as DNA sequences. Researchers work on developing algorithms, databases, and software tools for genomic analysis, drug discovery, and disease modeling.

5. Job Prospects in Biotechnology Research

Academic Research

  • Roles: Professor, Postdoctoral Fellow, Research Scientist
  • Institutions: Universities, Research Institutes, Medical Colleges
  • Responsibilities: Conduct research, publish papers, secure grants, mentor students

Industry Jobs

  • Roles: Research Scientist, Biotechnology Consultant, Biotech Product Developer
  • Companies: Pharmaceutical firms, agricultural companies, biopharma startups, and biotech corporations
  • Responsibilities: Innovating new biotech products, conducting applied research, developing commercial applications

Government and Private Sector

Biotechnology research is often funded by government agencies and private organizations focused on scientific advancement.

  • Roles: Researcher, Policy Advisor, Regulatory Specialist
  • Organizations: Government labs, biotechnology regulatory bodies, international health organizations

International Opportunities

Biotechnology researchers have global opportunities, with high demand for professionals in countries such as the United States, Germany, Japan, and Switzerland. International organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations (UN) also offer career opportunities in biotechnology.

  • Notable countries for research:
    • United States (NIH, CDC)
    • Germany (Max Planck Institutes)
    • United Kingdom (Wellcome Trust)
    • Switzerland (Novartis, Roche)

6. Top Employers in Biotechnology Research

  • Pharmaceutical Companies: Pfizer, Roche, Johnson & Johnson, Merck, AstraZeneca
  • Biotech Companies: Amgen, Biogen, Genentech, Gilead Sciences
  • Research Institutions: National Institutes of Health (NIH), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Max Planck Institutes
  • Agricultural Giants: Monsanto, Bayer, Syngenta

7. Salary Prospects and Career Growth

The salary for a researcher in biotechnology can vary based on qualifications, experience, and location.

  • Entry-level Salary (Bachelor’s): $50,000 to $70,000 per year
  • Mid-level Salary (PhD): $75,000 to $100,000 per year
  • Senior-level Salary: $120,000 to $150,000+ per year (for principal investigators or senior researchers in industry)

Career growth in biotechnology is promising, with opportunities to move into leadership roles such as research director, lab manager, or chief scientific officer (CSO).

8. Website Links for Further Reading

9. Conclusion

Biotechnology research is a dynamic and rewarding career choice for individuals passionate about science and innovation. With numerous opportunities in medical, agricultural, environmental, and industrial sectors, the demand for skilled biotechnology researchers is growing. Those pursuing careers in this field must focus on obtaining the right education, gaining practical experience, and staying updated with advancements in technology. Through ongoing education and dedication, one can significantly contribute to groundbreaking scientific discoveries that have the potential to transform society.

IISc scholars writes open letter to PM demanding hike

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IISc

The students of the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) have sent an open letter to the Prime Minister Narendra Modi after his speech at the Indian Science Congress, where he urged “scientists and researchers to explore the mysteries of science, not of government procedures.”

With the promise of a 55 per cent hike – given in October 2014 – yet to convert into money in hand, students say there is little option but to take to the streets. “We are awaiting the end of the Delhi elections. Scholars from every institute will then take it up,” said Pankaj Jain, secretary of IISc students’ council.

While IISc has not received any formal communication on the hike, IISc. Director Anurag Kumar said, “We have talked to the MHRD and they said the notification is on the way. A few financial processes remain.”

The frustration seems to have hit critical mass. More than a year since they started petitions and campaigns, research students in the Indian Institute of Science (IISc.) still await hikes in stipend, scholarships, and fellowships.

Their demands include implementation of hike from April 2014, uniform implementation across all Ministries, and annual increments that are inflation-linked. The issue was first raised in 2013 and since then students, little by little, have mounted pressure for a scholarship hike.

In October 2014, the hike was granted by the Department of Science and Technology. However, the proposal was not formally granted by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) or the 12 other government departments that offer a plethora of fellowships, Hindu reported.

AMU suspends classes after death of student from swine flu

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swine-flu

Aligarh Muslim University closed till Feb 25 over swine flu

Read more at: http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/aligarh-muslim-university-closed-till-feb-25-over-swine-flu/1/419269.html

The Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) has suspended its classes till February 25 following death of a girl student and seven suspected cases of the swine flu among students.

As per a university official, its affiliated institutions will also remain closed.

To prevent spread of the viral disease, all events like seminars, workshops, meetings of executive council, the AMU Court and election of representatives of university teachers to AMU Court scheduled during this period have also been postponed till further orders.

The decision was taken in a meeting of university officials including deans of faculties and principals of colleges. The meet took stock of the situation pertaining to cases of swine flu, presided by the Acting Vice Chancellor Brigadier S. Ahmad Ali (retd).

In a notification issued by University Registrar Asfar Ali Khan, it was emphasised that all tours outside AMU will remain suspended till further orders.

The notification, however, said all offices including academic departments, hospitals and other institutions will continue to function as usual.

University Proctor Jamshed Siddiqui has distributed tens of thousand of masks among hostel inmates of all halls of residence, while Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (JNMC) principal has provided 2,000 masks to the University Health Service for students.

The principal and chief medical superintendent, JNMC has advised the people to avoid crowded places such as exhibitions and cinema halls.

In an advisory issued by the Medical Superintendent, JNMC, people have been urged to avoid touching nose, eyes and mouth frequently and refrain from shaking hands with a person with flu-like symptoms such as cold, cough, sneezing and high fever, reported India Today.

India, Sri Lanka sign MoU for Nalanda University

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India-Sri-Lanka

India, Sri Lanka ink MoU on Nalanda University and cultural cooperation
India and Sri Lanka have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for the establishment of Nalanda University.

The MoU would facilitate Sri Lanka’s participation in the Nalanda University Project.

The MoU was signed by the foreign secretaries of the two nations, S. Jaishankar and Chitranganee Wagiswara.

The two sides also signed an agreement on the Programme of Cultural Cooperation for the years 2015 to 2018.

This agreement seeks to enhance the level of cooperation in a wide variety of fields such as performing arts, visual arts, libraries, museums, archives and cultural documentation, archaeology, handicrafts, publications and professional exchanges.

It was signed by Culture Secretary Ravindra Singh and Sri Lanka’s High Commissioner to India Sudharshan Seneviratne.

The agreements were signed after talks between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Sri Lankan President Maithripala Sirisena, reported ANI News.

MHRD team visits Andhra Pradesh to select tribal university site

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tribal

Committee checks land for tribal university

The Union Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) site selection committee for establishment of the tribal university visited various places in Visakhapatnam and Vizianagaram districts.

The team, headed by Sukhbir Singh Sandhu, joint secretary in the HRD ministry, visited two sites in Sabbavaram mandal of Visakhapatnam district and two more sites in Kothavalasa and Vizianagaram mandal in Vizianagaram.

In Visakhapatnam district, the team visited Antakapalli which has a plot of around 400 acres and Vangali which has 430 acres. However, district officials said both the plots seemed at least hundred acres less than the requirement for the university.

Another hurdle in the Antakapalli site was that 300 acres of the plot had earlier been allocated to the state veterinary department. The department has not used the land for any construction. District officials said if the area was now chosen as the site for the tribal university, the allotment to the veterinary department will be nullified.

In Vizianagaram, the committee checked 526 acres in Relli village, where a part of the area was hilly and undulated. It also visited Gunkalam village where it was shown a 504-acre plot.

Municipal minister P Narayana, who accompanied the team members, said chances were that the tribal university would be set up in Vizianagaram soon with academic sessions beginning from 2016, reported ToI.

UGC NET holders ask varsities to end practice to appoint non NET PhD holders

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UGC-NET-UGC NET holders ask varsities to end practice to appoint non NET PhD holders

‘Stop Posting PhD Holders Sans UGC NET as Teachers’

The University Grants Commission (UGC) National Eligibility Test (NET) rank holders have urged universities and colleges to end the practice of appointing PhD holders without NET qualification as teachers alleging large-scale irregularities in the award of doctorates.

The UGC has prescribed NET as the qualification for teacher appointments. However, PhD holders are exempted from it. “The state Higher Education Department had issued an order exempting researchers without proper coursework from NET qualification. This is a blatant violation of UGC regulations on teachers’ appointments,” said P Sreejith of UGC Qualified Group – an association of UGC NET rank holders.

The UGC Qualified Group has written to the Governor urging him to revoke the government order which stated that all candidates who obtained PhD on or before 10-7-2009 and who have registered before this period for PhD can be exempted from NET qualification. “We are basically opposed to the way in which weightage is given to PhD holders for publication of research papers in reputed journals.

Usually such papers are ghost written by research guides. Therefore, giving weightage for such a malpractice cannot be justified,” he said.

“Giving weightage to PhD holders for published research material puts NET qualified candidates at a disadvantage. Besides, more and more people are misusing PhD as a way to get relaxation from NET qualification,” the UGC Qualified Group alleged, reported New Indian Express.

Govt abandons plan to open vocational university

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vocational-university

The government of India has scrapped Labour Ministry’s proposal to open a national vocational university to better regulate the more than 11,000 industrial training institutes in the country.

Labour and employment minister Bandaru Dattatreya had announced the plan to open the university in his home state, Telangana. “It will be an umbrella body,” the minister had said on 4 December, adding that the renewed thrust on skill education in the country had necessitated such an initiative.

Reportedly, at an inter-ministerial meeting chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in January, the proposal was abandoned.

After the meeting, the labour ministry was told that instead of opening a varsity it should allow states to establish skill or vocational universities.

“We will not open the university as planned earlier,” confirmed Alok Kumar, director general of employment and training (DGET) at the labour ministry. DGET controls the skill development initiatives of the ministry and all industrial training institute (ITIs). India has more than 11,500 ITIs with a capacity of nearly 1.6 million. Kumar said the states should join the skill mission.

“We will coordinate with others who wish to do so at the state level. We can provide assistance and guide them on quality parameters,” he added. The first government official cited above said that a university would have helped streamline the quality, put uniformity in structure and improved its engagement with students, reported Live Mint.

I&B Ministry planning to establish Communication University

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Communication-University

country’s first Communication University

The Information and Broadcasting ministry is planning to establish the country’s first Communication University within three years and a consultation process in this regard will be initiated shortly.

As part of the consultation process, the first seminar will be held in the first week of next month. The Information and Broadcasting Ministry is learnt to have given itself an internal target of around three years to establish the university, the idea for which is said to have come from Prime Minister Narendra Modi himself.

The ministry is planning to invite a wide cross section of stakeholders including reputed academicians, senior media professionals, top level officials among others to ensure that a rich debate takes place.

In the consultation process, a range of issues related to media and communication education in the country would be discussed. I&B Secretary Bimal Julka has in recent meetings discussed the details of the consultation process, sources said.

Reportedly, It is intended that a widest possible range of subjects, from emerging issues to the implications of latest technologies are discussed in the seminar. Suggestions will be sought from stakeholders so that a concrete roadmap can be drawn.

A senior official said that while there are examples like such Universities in other countries, the model for the proposed university will be drawn only after studying the requirements in the Indian context, reported Indian Express.

Zoologists to write to UGC, MHRD for review of dissection guidelines

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Zoologists

A group of zoologists from Mumbai University along with zoologists from nine other universities in Maharashtra have decided to write to the University Grants Commission (UGC) and the Union Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) to review its guidelines on dissection according to the Wildlife Protection Act.

At a two-day symposium organised by Mumbai University’s Board of Studies (BoS) in Zoology at Khalsa College in Matunga, the zoologists unanimously decided that they will urge the regulatory body to allow dissection of pests and some species of sharks that do not come under Schedule- I animals, which are protected under the Act.

According to the university’s BoS for Zoology, the guideline issued by UGC in November 2011 was based on the Wildlife Protection Act 1972 sans 2001 amendments. The zoologists from Mumbai University and state universities have claimed that before issuing the guidelines, UGC did not go through the Act entirely and hence gave all animals under the no-dissection rule, even those which do not fall under Schedule-I.

“There was an amendment made to the Act on December 5, 2001, which was not referred to while framing the guidelines. Till July 11, 2001, almost all species of Elasmobranchs (shark and ray) came under protection, however, post December 2001, only 10 species of Elasmobranchs were added under Schedule-I and thus come under protection,” said Prof Vinayak Dalvie, chairman, BoS Zoology, Mumbai University.

These zoologists feel that UGC must consider their suggestions, review the guidelines and bring about minor changes to the guidelines of phasing out dissection by updating it according to the latest amendment in the Act, Indian Express reported.

VNSG University allegedly violates UGC Guidelines on sexual harassment

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sexual-harassment

The Veer Narmad South Gujarat University’s (VNSGU) decision to form of a four-member committee to investigate the complaints of girls students against a physical training teacher is alleged to be violation of University Grants Commission (UGC) guidelines.

As per the guidelines, complaints of harassment to girls by male faculty should be inquired by women’s cell. But the varsity has ignored these and formed a committee.

Several girl students of VNSGU submitted written complaints against Amit Patel, a lecturer of physical training at Evening Commerce College, alleging that he made them to sit-ups on the road and passed lewd comments when the sports team had gone to Punjab in January.

Those with the victim girls have also shot a video as evidence to prove that they were made to do sit-ups.

The committee comprises syndicate member Vinod Patel, dean of commerce faculty, V D Naik, chariman of board of sports, Kiritsinh Vasadiya and a senior sports faculty, Dharmistha.

The committee was formed by VNSGU Vice Chancellor Dakshesh Thakar, almost 20 days after the girls’ rifle shooting team submitted their complaints.

Despite being a serious complaint, women’s cell is not looking into.

“Out of four in the committee, three members are associated with board of sports and related activities. They cannot carry out unbiased inquiry in. Further, it is clear violation of UGC guideline. The committee should be formed with a woman as chairperson and members of NGO and someone from outside the university,” said Kalpesh Rawal, in-charge of ABVP for south Gujarat affairs, ToI reported.

Joint action committee of teachers to move court

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teachers

The joint action committee (JAC), UT, is planning to move court to highlight UT education department’s ignorance towards the deputation policy because of which city has many teachers and principals on deputation from last 10 to 20 years even as the maximum period for any teacher was five years.

They said because of teachers on deputation many Chandigarh-based teachers were not getting promotions.

The JAC held a meeting in Sector 17 to discuss the policy of deputation in UT, education department and also met education secretary to apprise him about the matter. The committee condemned the education department for flouting all rules to accommodate teachers on deputation in UT schools. The JAC members informed that there are around 500 teachers/principals /heads/lecturers still working in UT Schools. Twelve principals on deputation are heading UT schools without fulfilling the requisite norms of deputation. JAC members informed that UT education department has even ignored all Judgments of the Court, reported ToI.

JNU professor accuses student of rape

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JNU-professor-accuses-student-of-rape

A Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) female professor has been allegedly raped by a student of the university.

Reportedly, the accused, who is a PhD student in the university, sexually assaulted the professor after claiming that he was son of a Nepal minister and would help her in job.A rape case was filed in Vasant Kunj area on February 23.

Based on the complaint, Delhi Police have arrested the 30-year-old accused and will produce him in Patiala House court.

The Police is expected to demand for the accused’s custody, reported Zee News.

CA curriculum may change next year

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CA

In an effort to bring Indian chartered accountants more in line with their global counterparts, the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) has kickstarted the process of restructuring its curriculum for the CA course. The institute has sought comments from stakeholders for the proposals before March 31.

Key proposals are to introduce an English language and business communication subject at the foundation level and to replace theory papers on infotech with practical ones at the intermediate and final levels.

Modi lauds girls for doing well in exams despite helping at home

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Narendra-Modi

Exhorting school students, especially boys, to believe in themselves, Prime Minister Narendra Modi Sunday praised girl students, and said, “they do well in examinations despite helping their mothers in household work”.

In his ‘Mann Ki Baat’ radio programme, the prime minister said it was very important to understand and know oneself well.

“You don’t have to go far away… just see your sister or may be your friend’s sister who is appearing in the board examination and you would see she is assisting her mother in her household work while preparing for her examination and still does well,” he said.

“Have you ever thought what power do they have? You will understand it’s just lack of confidence that makes us weak,” Modi said, asking students to develop it.

Deadline to get AICTE approval for BTech courses extended

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aicte

The All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) has extended the deadline for institutions which are yet to seek approval for B.Tech courses, a move which may come as a relief to as many as 24 Delhi University colleges.

The deadline which expired on February 20 has been extended till February 27.

“As per the requests received from several institutions and associations, the last date for acceptance of online application with processing fee has been extended till February 27, 2015,” an AICTE notification said.

The extension is likely to provide relief to DU which has been facing flak for not seeking timely approval from AICTE for B.Tech courses being offered by its colleges.

The varsity had last week directed the principals concerned to do the needful in this regard, with barely a few days remaining for the deadline.

B.Tech programmes in Computer Science, Electronics, Food Technology, Instrumentation Electronics and Polymer Science were launched as part of the Four-Year Undergraduate Programme (FYUP), scrapped last year following UGC intervention.

UGC had, however, directed DU to continue with the five B.Tech programmes but only for students admitted in academic year 2013-2014. It had also asked DU in June last year to seek approval from AICTE but the students and teacher fraternity alleged inaction from the varsity’s side to meet the February 20 deadline.

While the varsity’s statutory bodies – Academic Council and Executive Council had approached the Vice Chancellor seeking his intervention into the issue, a group of students had also met HRD minister Smriti Irani who had assured them that directions have been issued to the VC to get the AICTE nod at the earliest.

DU authorities, however, denied of having taken a late action and maintained that timely reminders were sent to colleges.

Exempt all educational products from central, state taxes: Assocham to Centre

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educational-products
Apex industry body Assocham has suggested the government to exempt all educational products meant for use by school and college students from both central as well as state taxes to promote education and to make available educational aids at an affordable cost, particularly to the lower economic strata of society.

At present, educational products like exercise books, pens, note-books, pencils, geometry boxes and others are subject to two per cent excise duty (without CENVAT credit) plus education cess. Additionally, most of these products suffer state value added tax (VAT) at the rate of 5%.

Assocham has further suggested that products required for educational purposes (e.g., notebooks, pencils and the like) should also be exempt from GST (goods and services tax) as such the exemption list should be determined in accordance with the nature of goods and services.

“Exemption available in respect of all services received by an educational institution should be restored to make education services more affordable,” further suggested Assocham in its pre-budget memorandum 2015-16 (indirect taxes) which has been submitted to the government.

Assocham has suggested that renting of immovable property service provided to educational institutions should continue to be exempted and scope of exempted services be enhanced by covering service of guest teachers/faculty, computer software, information technology (IT) lab services or rather all services directly relating to the delivery of education or training to students.

“Withdrawal of exemption on services such as renting of building/premise, staffing/recruitment and others, would lead to increase in cost of provision of education services,” said DS Rawat, secretary general of ASSOCHAM.

With a view to improve the overall education scenario throughout India, Assocham has suggested for increasing budget allocations for education sector, easing education loan availability, float innovative and concrete policies to attract foreign investors to improve education infrastructure, facilitate foreign universities’ participation in India’s education sector, offer incentives like scholarships and other schemes to enhance female enrolment across states.

Education is one of the key priority areas of government and Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is a GoI flagship programme for achievement of universalisation of elementary education.

In the last Union budget the central government had allocated Rs 28,635 crore for SSA and an additional Rs 4,966 crore towards Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA).

Staff Selection Commission(SSC) conducts the Combined Graduate Level (CGL) Examination

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Staff-Selection-Commission(SSC)

About SSC CGL
SSC CGL 2014 is held for recruitment to government jobs in India. Get details on the syllabus, form, online application process, result and more.
Staff Selection Commission(SSC) conducts the Combined Graduate Level (CGL) Examination for recruitment to Group B and Group C posts in various ministries, government departments and offices across the country.

Educational Qualification

• For the post of Compiler: Bachelor’s degree from any recognized university with Economics/Statistics/Mathematics as compulsory or elective subject.
• For the post of Statistical Investigator Grade – II: Bachelor’s degree in any discipline from a recognized University with:
Atleast 60% in Mathematics at 12th Standard level OR Statistics as one of the subjects at degree level.
• For all other posts: Bachelor’s degree in any discipline from a recognized University or any other equivalent qualification.

For more details Please! Refer the Website: http://ssc.nic.in/SSC.html
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UPSC Civil Services Examination

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UPSC-Civil-Services-Examination

About UPSC Civil Services Examination

Union Public Services Commission (UPSC) conducts its UPSC Prelims and Mains examination for recruitment to IAS, IPS, IFS Group ‘A’ and some Group ‘B’ services.

Union Public Service Commission
EXAMINATION NOTICE NO. 04/2013-CSP DATED 5.03.2013
(LAST DATE FOR RECEIPT OF APPLICATIONS: 4/04/2013)
CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION, 2013
(Commission’s website – http://www.upsc.gov.in)
IMPORTANT
CANDIDATES SHOULD NOTE THAT THERE ARE CERTAIN CHANGES IN THE
SCHEME OF CIVIL SERVICES (MAIN) EXAMINATION, WHICH HAVE BEEN
ELUCIDATED IN THE SCHEME OF EXAMINATION. THERE ARE SOME OTHER
CHANGES ALSO IN REGARD TO THE CHOICE OF LANGUAGE MEDIUM IN THE
CIVIL SERVICES (MAIN) EXAMINATION. THESE MAY ALSO BE NOTED.

Read the entire list of services: http://www.upsc.gov.in/exams/notifications/2013/csp_ifs/csp2013.pdf

Educational Qualification

• A candidate must be a graduate from a recognized university or a deemed university.
• A candidate who has appeared for the final year of bachelor’s degree and awaiting result, along with candidates who intend to appear at such qualifying examinations can also apply, provided that they submit their proof of qualification along with the application for the Mains exam.
• A candidate who possesses professional and technical qualification recognised by Government equivalent to the professional and technical degree can also apply.
• A candidate who has passed the final professional M.B.B.S. or any other Medical Examination but has not completed internship by the time of submission of application for the Civil Services (Main) Examination can also apply.

For more details Please! Refer the Website: http://www.upsc.gov.in/
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RBI Officers Grade ‘B’

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RBI-Officers-Grade-'B'

About RBI Officers Grade ‘B’

This is the bank exam held for recruitment to Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for the job of Grade B officer. Find information regarding paper pattern, salary, exam dates, result etc.The RBI conducts an online exam for recruitment to the post of Grade ‘B’ officer in its branches all over the country.

Eligibility

1. Age (as on 01/06/2014):
Between 21 and 30 years (candidates must have been born not earlier than 02/06/1984 and not later than 01/06/1993). For candidates possessing M.Phil. and Ph.D. qualification, upper age limit will be 31 and 33 years respectively. For candidates having experience as an officer in Commercial Bank/Financial Institution in Public Sector as also prior experience in Reserve Bank of India, upper age limit is relaxed to the extent of number of years of such experience subject to a maximum of three years. For such candidates, upper age limit should not exceed 33 years including experience. For experience, probationary period will not be reckoned.

Relaxation of upper age limit

• Three years in the case of OBC candidates if the posts are reserved for them.
• Five years in the case of: i) SC/ST candidates if the posts are reserved for them ii) Ex-employees of banking institutions whose services had to be terminated for reasons of economy or as a result of bank going into liquidation and personnel retrenched from Government Offices after at least one year’s service and currently registered with Employment Exchange, iii) Ex-servicemen (including Emergency Commissioned Officers/Short Service Commissioned Officers) provided applicants have rendered at least five years continuous Military Service and have been released on completion of assignment (including those whose assignment is due to be completed within one year) otherwise than by way of dismissal or discharge on account of misconduct or inefficiency or on account of physical disability or have been released on account of physical disability attributable to Military Service or on invalidment, iv) Emergency Commissioned Officers/Short Service Commissioned Officers who have completed their initial period of assignment of five years of Military Service but whose assignment has been extended beyond five years and in whose case the Ministry of Defence issues certificates that they would be released on selection within three months from the date of receipt of offer of appointment, v) Candidates who had ordinarily been domiciled in Kashmir Division of the State of Jammu and Kashmir between 1st January, 1980 and 31st December, 1989.
• 10 years for PWD(GEN); 13 years for PWD(OBC) and 15 years for PWD(SC/ST) candidates.
• For eligible staff candidates (refer para 4 above for eligibility) the relaxation in age limit is according to RBI circular CO. HRMD. No. G-75/ 5599/ 05.01.01/ 2013-2014 dated December 20, 2013.
NOTE: Cumulative Age Relaxation will not be available either under the above items or in combination with any other items.
2. Educational Qualifications (as on 01/06/2014)
1 A First Class Bachelor’s Degree with a minimum of 60% marks or an equivalent grade, in aggregate of all semesters / years ; OR ii) A Second Class Master’s Degree with minimum of 55% marks or an equivalent grade, in aggregate of all semesters / years; OR iii) A Doctorate Degree; with minimum of 50% marks or an equivalent grade, in aggregate of all semesters / years in Master’s Degree; OR iv) Chartered/Cost Accountant/Company Secretary (ACS) with a Bachelor’s Degree; OR v) A Post Graduate Diploma in Management / MBA qualification from institutions recognized by Government of India / University Grants Commission, with Graduation / Bachelor’s Degree.
NOTE: (1) SC/ST/PWD candidates having second class with a minimum of 50% marks or an equivalent grade, in aggregate of all semesters / years in Bachelor’s Degree examination: OR having a Post-graduate Degree or equivalent recognized qualification, are eligible to apply.

For more details Please! Refer the Website: http://www.rbi.org.in/
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IBPS CWE SO

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-IBPS-CWE-SO

About IBPS CWE SO

This is the exam held for recruitment to nationalized banks in India to fill vacancies for specialist officers for both Scale I and Scale II posts in Public Sector Banks. Find information about the examination regarding paper pattern, eligibility, etc. below.
A Common Written Examination (CWE) is conducted by the Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS) as a pre-requisite for selection of personnel for Specialist Officers. The specialist officers are from different fields: Law, Marketing, Finance, HR, Agriculture Field Officer, Rajbhasha Adhikari and Information Technology.

Selection Process

• Online Test: IBPS CWE SO is an objective type online test.
• Interview: You must clear sectional and overall cut-offs in the written test to qualify for interview.These cut-offs are specified separately for each exam held. Interview is a common interview coordinated by IBPS.
• Order of preference for banks will be obtained from successful candidates who clear both written test and interview.
• Final Selection: Based on the marks obtained as the order of preference of banks, a successful candidate will receive a call for appointment from an individual Bank.

For more details Please! Refer the Website: http://www.ibps.in/
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