1. Who was the first president of the Indian National Congress (INC)?
A) Lala Lajpat Rai
B) Dadabhai Naoroji
C) Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee
D) A.O. Hume
Answer: C) Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee
Explanation: Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee was the first president of the Indian National Congress, elected in 1885.
2. The Indian National Congress was founded in which year?
A) 1875
B) 1885
C) 1895
D) 1905
Answer: B) 1885
Explanation: The Indian National Congress (INC) was founded in 1885 with the objective of obtaining a greater share of power for Indians within the British government.
3. Who was the founder of the Indian National Congress?
A) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
B) A.O. Hume
C) Subhas Chandra Bose
D) Lala Lajpat Rai
Answer: B) A.O. Hume
Explanation: Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant, is considered the founder of the Indian National Congress, which was established to bring Indian political leaders together.
4. In which year did the Indian National Congress demand “Poorna Swaraj” (Complete Independence)?
A) 1920
B) 1929
C) 1942
D) 1930
Answer: B) 1929
Explanation: At the Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress in 1929, under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru, the demand for “Poorna Swaraj” (Complete Independence) was formally adopted.
5. Who was the first woman president of the Indian National Congress?
A) Sarojini Naidu
B) Vijayalakshmi Pandit
C) Annie Besant
D) Indira Gandhi
Answer: C) Annie Besant
Explanation: Annie Besant became the first woman president of the Indian National Congress in 1917.
6. The Indian National Congress split into two factions in 1907. Which were these factions?
A) Moderates and Radicals
B) Congress and Swarajists
C) Nationalists and Separatists
D) Liberals and Conservatives
Answer: A) Moderates and Radicals
Explanation: The Indian National Congress split into two factions in 1907 at the Surat session: the Moderates, led by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and the Radicals, led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
7. Who was the president of the Indian National Congress during the Quit India Movement of 1942?
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
D) C. Rajagopalachari
Answer: C) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Explanation: Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was the president of the Indian National Congress during the Quit India Movement of 1942.
8. The famous slogan “Inquilab Zindabad” was raised by which leader?
A) Lala Lajpat Rai
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Bhagat Singh
D) Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: C) Bhagat Singh
Explanation: The slogan “Inquilab Zindabad” (Long Live the Revolution) was coined by Bhagat Singh, an influential revolutionary, during the struggle for independence.
9. Who proposed the resolution for “Non-Cooperation Movement” at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress in 1920?
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Motilal Nehru
C) Jawaharlal Nehru
D) Subhas Chandra Bose
Answer: A) Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi proposed the Non-Cooperation Movement resolution at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress in 1920, following the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
10. The Indian National Congress supported which act that gave Indians a voice in governance for the first time in 1919?
A) Government of India Act
B) Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
C) The Rowlatt Act
D) The Regulating Act
Answer: B) Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
Explanation: The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 were supported by the Indian National Congress as they provided for the first time limited self-governance to Indians in the form of provincial legislatures.
11. In which year was the Quit India Resolution passed?
A) 1940
B) 1942
C) 1946
D) 1930
Answer: B) 1942
Explanation: The Quit India Resolution was passed at the Bombay session of the Indian National Congress in 1942, demanding an immediate end to British rule in India.
12. The Indian National Congress played a significant role in which of the following events?
A) First War of Indian Independence
B) Non-Cooperation Movement
C) Salt March
D) All of the Above
Answer: D) All of the Above
Explanation: The Indian National Congress was actively involved in all of the above events, which were crucial in India’s fight for independence.
13. The first split in the Indian National Congress took place at which session?
A) Lucknow Session 1916
B) Surat Session 1907
C) Calcutta Session 1920
D) Lahore Session 1940
Answer: B) Surat Session 1907
Explanation: The Indian National Congress split at the Surat session in 1907 into two factions: the Moderates and the Radicals.
14. Who was the first president of the Indian National Congress to be elected at the annual session of the INC in 1897?
A) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
B) Surendranath Banerjee
C) Dadabhai Naoroji
D) Annie Besant
Answer: C) Dadabhai Naoroji
Explanation: Dadabhai Naoroji, a prominent figure in Indian nationalism, was the first president of the INC to be elected at the 1897 session.
15. When did Mahatma Gandhi first become the president of the Indian National Congress?
A) 1919
B) 1924
C) 1929
D) 1931
Answer: B) 1924
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi became the president of the Indian National Congress in 1924 at the Belgaum session.
16. In which year did the Indian National Congress launch the Salt Satyagraha (Salt March)?
A) 1920
B) 1927
C) 1930
D) 1935
Answer: C) 1930
Explanation: The Salt Satyagraha, also known as the Salt March, was launched by Gandhi in 1930 as a direct action against the British salt tax.
17. Who was the first leader of the Indian National Congress to propose the idea of complete independence?
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Lala Lajpat Rai
D) Dadabhai Naoroji
Answer: B) Subhas Chandra Bose
Explanation: Subhas Chandra Bose was the first to demand complete independence (Purna Swaraj) for India, which was later formally adopted by the Indian National Congress in 1930.
18. Which of the following was not a part of the Indian National Congress’s early objectives?
A) Demand for the rights of Indian workers
B) The establishment of an Indian army
C) The promotion of social reforms
D) The acquisition of self-governance within the British Empire
Answer: B) The establishment of an Indian army
Explanation: The early objectives of the Indian National Congress did not include the establishment of an Indian army, rather it focused on self-governance and social reforms.
19. In which session did Jawaharlal Nehru take charge as the president of the Indian National Congress?
A) 1936
B) 1937
C) 1947
D) 1942
Answer: B) 1937
Explanation: Jawaharlal Nehru became the president of the Indian National Congress at the 1937 Lucknow session.
20. The Indian National Congress demanded a separate Indian state for Muslims in which year?
A) 1940
B) 1947
C) 1937
D) 1929
Answer: A) 1940
Explanation: In 1940, the All-India Muslim League, under Muhammad Ali Jinnah, demanded the creation of a separate Muslim state, leading to the eventual formation of Pakistan in 1947.
21. What was the impact of the Indian National Congress on the Indian Independence Movement?
A) It spread awareness of Indian grievances against the British.
B) It united various communities under a common cause.
C) It organized mass protests and campaigns.
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: The Indian National Congress played a pivotal role in spreading awareness of Indian issues, uniting different sections of society, and organizing protests for independence.
22. Who was the leader of the Indian National Congress during the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1920?
A) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
B) Jawaharlal Nehru
C) Mahatma Gandhi
D) Subhas Chandra Bose
Answer: C) Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi led the Indian National Congress during the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1920, aiming to resist British rule through non-violent means.
23. The “Gandhi-Irwin Pact” was signed during which Congress session?
A) 1930
B) 1931
C) 1932
D) 1935
Answer: B) 1931
Explanation: The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed in 1931 during the Karachi session of the Indian National Congress, marking a temporary truce between the British government and Gandhi.
24. Who was the last president of the Indian National Congress before independence?
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Maulana Abul
Kalam Azad
C) Rajendra Prasad
D) C. Rajagopalachari
Answer: B) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Explanation: Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was the last president of the Indian National Congress before India gained independence in 1947.
25. The “Lucknow Pact” of 1916 was an agreement between which two organizations?
A) Indian National Congress and Muslim League
B) Indian National Congress and Khilafat Movement
C) Indian National Congress and the Swaraj Party
D) Indian National Congress and the British Government
Answer: A) Indian National Congress and Muslim League
Explanation: The Lucknow Pact was a significant agreement between the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League in 1916 for the united struggle for self-governance.
26. Which famous leader opposed the entry of the Indian National Congress into the Government of India Act of 1935?
A) Subhas Chandra Bose
B) Jawaharlal Nehru
C) Mahatma Gandhi
D) Sardar Patel
Answer: A) Subhas Chandra Bose
Explanation: Subhas Chandra Bose opposed the Government of India Act of 1935, arguing that it failed to offer real independence.
27. In which year did the Indian National Congress adopt the resolution for the Quit India Movement?
A) 1942
B) 1940
C) 1935
D) 1939
Answer: A) 1942
Explanation: The Quit India Resolution was passed in 1942 at the Bombay session of the Indian National Congress under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.
28. Who was the first president of the Indian National Congress from outside India?
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Sardar Patel
D) Dadabhai Naoroji
Answer: B) Subhas Chandra Bose
Explanation: Subhas Chandra Bose was the first president of the Indian National Congress who lived outside India and who was actively involved in the global struggle for India’s freedom.
29. In which year was the Indian National Congress given the status of the main representative of Indian people by the British Government?
A) 1930
B) 1935
C) 1942
D) 1946
Answer: B) 1935
Explanation: The British Government recognized the Indian National Congress as the main representative of Indian people in the Government of India Act of 1935.
30. Who was the youngest president of the Indian National Congress?
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Rajiv Gandhi
D) Lala Lajpat Rai
Answer: C) Rajiv Gandhi
Explanation: Rajiv Gandhi was the youngest president of the Indian National Congress, elected at the age of 40 in 1985.
These MCQs provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of the Indian National Congress in India’s struggle for independence.
