1. Which of the following is a major threat to marine biodiversity?
a) Overfishing
b) Renewable energy production
c) Coral reef restoration
d) Marine protected areas
Answer: a) Overfishing
2. What is the primary goal of marine conservation?
a) To exploit marine resources sustainably
b) To protect marine ecosystems and species
c) To promote ocean tourism
d) To increase fishing yield
Answer: b) To protect marine ecosystems and species
3. Which of these organisms is most affected by ocean acidification?
a) Dolphins
b) Corals
c) Sea turtles
d) Jellyfish
Answer: b) Corals
4. Marine protected areas (MPAs) help to conserve marine biodiversity by:
a) Encouraging fishing
b) Limiting human activities like fishing and mining
c) Polluting the waters
d) Promoting urbanization near coastlines
Answer: b) Limiting human activities like fishing and mining
5. What is the main purpose of coral reef restoration?
a) To increase fishing opportunities
b) To protect coastal ecosystems and biodiversity
c) To build underwater hotels
d) To create artificial fishing grounds
Answer: b) To protect coastal ecosystems and biodiversity
6. Which human activity contributes significantly to ocean pollution?
a) Wastewater treatment
b) Sustainable fishing
c) Plastic waste disposal
d) Marine conservation efforts
Answer: c) Plastic waste disposal
7. What is one of the major causes of coral bleaching?
a) Cold water temperature
b) Pollution
c) Increased ocean temperatures
d) Overfishing
Answer: c) Increased ocean temperatures
8. Which of the following is a key strategy in marine conservation efforts?
a) Ignoring ecosystem services
b) Establishing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)
c) Widening shipping lanes
d) Increasing unsustainable fishing practices
Answer: b) Establishing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)
9. What is the role of mangrove forests in marine conservation?
a) They provide breeding grounds for marine animals
b) They increase ocean salinity
c) They act as barriers for ships
d) They decrease ocean biodiversity
Answer: a) They provide breeding grounds for marine animals
10. Which of the following is a major consequence of overfishing?
a) Increased marine biodiversity
b) Destruction of coral reefs
c) Loss of fish species and ecosystem imbalance
d) Oceanic oxygen increase
Answer: c) Loss of fish species and ecosystem imbalance
11. Marine biodiversity refers to:
a) The diversity of life forms in freshwater systems
b) The genetic diversity of marine organisms
c) The number of tourists visiting the ocean
d) The diversity of plant species in marine areas
Answer: b) The genetic diversity of marine organisms
12. What is one of the benefits of seagrass ecosystems in marine environments?
a) They prevent oil spills
b) They improve water clarity and serve as carbon sinks
c) They have no impact on water quality
d) They only support fish species
Answer: b) They improve water clarity and serve as carbon sinks
13. Which of the following are considered key stakeholders in marine conservation?
a) Marine biologists
b) Fishermen, conservationists, and governments
c) Tourists
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Fishermen, conservationists, and governments
14. Which factor is most responsible for the decline of marine species?
a) Habitat destruction
b) Increased rainfall
c) Lack of tourism
d) Reduced CO2 levels
Answer: a) Habitat destruction
15. What does the term “marine biodiversity hotspot” refer to?
a) Areas of high fishing productivity
b) Regions with high biodiversity that are under threat
c) Locations for marine tourism
d) Areas without pollution
Answer: b) Regions with high biodiversity that are under threat
16. Which of these species is commonly impacted by ocean plastic pollution?
a) Whale sharks
b) Sea turtles
c) Penguins
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
17. What role do whales play in marine ecosystems?
a) Pollute the ocean
b) Serve as food for predators
c) Help regulate the food web by controlling populations of prey species
d) Increase the oxygen levels in water
Answer: c) Help regulate the food web by controlling populations of prey species
18. Which of the following best describes “ocean acidification”?
a) Decrease in the temperature of ocean waters
b) Increase in ocean pH
c) Increase in carbon dioxide absorption by oceans, lowering pH
d) Loss of fish species
Answer: c) Increase in carbon dioxide absorption by oceans, lowering pH
19. Which marine organism is a key indicator of ecosystem health?
a) Plankton
b) Dolphins
c) Coral reefs
d) Sharks
Answer: c) Coral reefs
20. Why are marine protected areas (MPAs) essential for conservation?
a) They increase fishing activities
b) They reduce human-induced stress on marine ecosystems
c) They promote overfishing
d) They allow unrestricted tourism
Answer: b) They reduce human-induced stress on marine ecosystems
21. Which of the following is an example of sustainable marine management?
a) Increase in factory fishing
b) Setting catch limits on fish populations
c) Open fishing for endangered species
d) Destroying marine habitats for development
Answer: b) Setting catch limits on fish populations
22. What is the main cause of ocean dead zones?
a) Excessive carbon dioxide
b) Excessive nitrogen and phosphorus from agriculture runoff
c) Natural volcanic activity
d) Ocean acidification
Answer: b) Excessive nitrogen and phosphorus from agriculture runoff
23. Which ecosystem is crucial for mitigating coastal erosion?
a) Oceanic trenches
b) Coral reefs
c) Mangrove forests
d) Open ocean
Answer: c) Mangrove forests
24. What is one way marine conservation benefits humans directly?
a) Reduces the amount of oceanic plastic waste
b) Boosts the economy by increasing overfishing
c) Improves water quality and coastal protection
d) Increases the frequency of natural disasters
Answer: c) Improves water quality and coastal protection
25. Which of the following is a common method used for coral reef restoration?
a) Artificial reefs and coral transplantation
b) Removing fish from coral reefs
c) Chemical fertilization of reefs
d) Drilling into reefs for oil extraction
Answer: a) Artificial reefs and coral transplantation
26. How do marine ecosystems help regulate the global climate?
a) By producing large amounts of carbon dioxide
b) By absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen
c) By depleting oxygen levels
d) By increasing global temperatures
Answer: b) By absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen
27. What is the primary function of the “Clean Seas” campaign?
a) To increase fishing practices in the ocean
b) To tackle plastic pollution and protect marine life
c) To establish more marine protected areas
d) To promote ocean tourism
Answer: b) To tackle plastic pollution and protect marine life
28. Which of the following species is critically endangered due to human activity?
a) Blue whale
b) Kingfishers
c) Bottlenose dolphin
d) All of the above
Answer: a) Blue whale
29. How do marine conservation efforts contribute to food security?
a) By preserving habitats that provide food for marine species
b) By increasing marine pollution levels
c) By removing fish from marine ecosystems
d) By decreasing fish populations
Answer: a) By preserving habitats that provide food for marine species
30. Which of the following is an example of ecosystem-based management in marine conservation?
a) Increasing shipping traffic in sensitive areas
b) Considering the health of the entire marine ecosystem in decision-making
c) Promoting unsustainable fishing techniques
d) Reducing fish stocks by overharvesting
Answer: b) Considering the health of the entire marine ecosystem in decision-making
