1. Which of the following biomolecules is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?
A) Proteins
B) Carbohydrates
C) Nucleic acids
D) Lipids
Answer: C) Nucleic acids
2. The basic building blocks of proteins are:
A) Fatty acids
B) Amino acids
C) Nucleotides
D) Monosaccharides
Answer: B) Amino acids
3. Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in the body?
A) Store energy
B) Act as enzymes
C) Provide structural support to cells
D) Transport oxygen
Answer: A) Store energy
4. The primary structure of a protein refers to:
A) The folded 3D structure
B) The sequence of amino acids
C) The bonding between polypeptides
D) The helical structure of the protein
Answer: B) The sequence of amino acids
5. Which of the following is NOT a role of lipids in biological systems?
A) Store energy
B) Provide insulation
C) Catalyze biochemical reactions
D) Form biological membranes
Answer: C) Catalyze biochemical reactions
6. What type of bond forms between the nitrogenous bases of nucleic acids?
A) Ionic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Covalent bond
D) Peptide bond
Answer: B) Hydrogen bond
7. The tertiary structure of a protein is stabilized by:
A) Disulfide bonds
B) Hydrogen bonds
C) Ionic bonds
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
8. Which molecule is the main energy source for cells?
A) Glucose
B) Amino acids
C) Nucleic acids
D) Lipids
Answer: A) Glucose
9. Which of the following is a characteristic of enzymes?
A) They act as catalysts in biochemical reactions
B) They are consumed during reactions
C) They change the equilibrium of reactions
D) They are non-specific
Answer: A) They act as catalysts in biochemical reactions
10. Which of the following statements is true about DNA?
A) DNA is single-stranded
B) DNA contains the sugar ribose
C) DNA stores genetic information
D) DNA contains uracil as a nitrogenous base
Answer: C) DNA stores genetic information
11. The functional group present in amino acids is:
A) Carboxyl group
B) Phosphate group
C) Hydroxyl group
D) Methyl group
Answer: A) Carboxyl group
12. Which of the following biomolecules is primarily involved in energy transfer in cells?
A) Proteins
B) Nucleic acids
C) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
D) Lipids
Answer: C) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
13. Which of the following is a polysaccharide made of glucose units?
A) Sucrose
B) Starch
C) Glycogen
D) Both B and C
Answer: D) Both B and C
14. A protein’s function is determined primarily by:
A) The number of amino acids
B) Its 3D shape or conformation
C) The charge of its amino acids
D) The size of its amino acids
Answer: B) Its 3D shape or conformation
15. The structural feature of lipids that allows them to form bilayers in biological membranes is:
A) Hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads
B) Hydrophobic heads and hydrophilic tails
C) Hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails
D) Both heads and tails are hydrophobic
Answer: A) Hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads
16. The monomer unit of nucleic acids is:
A) Fatty acid
B) Nucleotide
C) Amino acid
D) Monosaccharide
Answer: B) Nucleotide
17. Which of the following biomolecules is involved in the immune response?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Proteins
C) Nucleic acids
D) Lipids
Answer: B) Proteins
18. The process by which proteins are synthesized in cells is called:
A) Replication
B) Transcription
C) Translation
D) Polymerization
Answer: C) Translation
19. The molecule ATP stands for:
A) Adenosine tetraphosphate
B) Adenosine triphosphate
C) Adenosine tetraphosphate
D) Adenosine triphosphoride
Answer: B) Adenosine triphosphate
20. Which of the following is a feature of RNA, but not DNA?
A) Contains the sugar ribose
B) Contains the nitrogenous base thymine
C) Is double-stranded
D) Contains the nitrogenous base uracil
Answer: A) Contains the sugar ribose
21. What type of biomolecule is insulin?
A) Carbohydrate
B) Protein
C) Lipid
D) Nucleic acid
Answer: B) Protein
22. Which of the following best describes the role of carbohydrates in living organisms?
A) Storage of energy
B) Catalyze biochemical reactions
C) Formation of cellular structures
D) Genetic information storage
Answer: A) Storage of energy
23. What is the key characteristic of a phospholipid?
A) It contains a hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail
B) It is composed of two fatty acids and a phosphate group
C) It is the main component of the plasma membrane
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
24. Which of the following is the main function of DNA?
A) Provide structural support to cells
B) Catalyze reactions in cells
C) Store genetic information
D) Transfer energy in cells
Answer: C) Store genetic information
25. What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?
A) Ionic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Peptide bond
D) Covalent bond
Answer: B) Hydrogen bond
26. Which of the following is a role of lipids in the body?
A) Store genetic information
B) Provide a structural barrier in membranes
C) Transport oxygen
D) Catalyze biochemical reactions
Answer: B) Provide a structural barrier in membranes
27. Which of the following biomolecules is an example of a secondary messenger in cell signaling?
A) ATP
B) Protein
C) Cyclic AMP (cAMP)
D) Glucose
Answer: C) Cyclic AMP (cAMP)
28. Which biomolecule is responsible for catalyzing biochemical reactions?
A) Proteins
B) Carbohydrates
C) Lipids
D) Nucleic acids
Answer: A) Proteins
29. What type of bond links amino acids in proteins?
A) Hydrogen bond
B) Peptide bond
C) Covalent bond
D) Ionic bond
Answer: B) Peptide bond
30. Which of the following is true about the structure of DNA?
A) It is composed of a double helix of nucleotides
B) It is single-stranded
C) It contains uracil as a nitrogenous base
D) It lacks a sugar-phosphate backbone
Answer: A) It is composed of a double helix of nucleotides
These MCQs cover key concepts in biomolecules, their structure, and their functions, making them a helpful tool for studying or testing knowledge in the field of biology.
