- Which of the following species is considered the earliest known hominid?
a) Homo sapiens
b) Australopithecus afarensis
c) Homo erectus
d) Paranthropus boisei
Answer: b) Australopithecus afarensis
- The “Lucy” fossil, one of the most famous discoveries, belongs to which species?
a) Homo habilis
b) Australopithecus afarensis
c) Homo sapiens
d) Homo erectus
Answer: b) Australopithecus afarensis
- Which hominid species is believed to have first used tools?
a) Homo sapiens
b) Homo habilis
c) Australopithecus afarensis
d) Paranthropus boisei
Answer: b) Homo habilis
- Which of the following is the earliest known ancestor of modern humans?
a) Homo erectus
b) Australopithecus afarensis
c) Homo sapiens
d) Homo neanderthalensis
Answer: b) Australopithecus afarensis
- The fossil “Turkana Boy” is associated with which hominid species?
a) Homo sapiens
b) Homo erectus
c) Homo habilis
d) Australopithecus afarensis
Answer: b) Homo erectus
- Which of the following traits is characteristic of Homo habilis?
a) Large brain size
b) Use of fire
c) Tool-making ability
d) Bipedalism
Answer: c) Tool-making ability
- The Neanderthals lived approximately how many years ago?
a) 100,000–40,000 years ago
b) 1 million years ago
c) 2 million years ago
d) 50,000–20,000 years ago
Answer: a) 100,000–40,000 years ago
- Which species is known for having a larger brain than Homo habilis but smaller than Homo sapiens?
a) Homo erectus
b) Homo sapiens
c) Homo neanderthalensis
d) Australopithecus afarensis
Answer: a) Homo erectus
- Which of these species is most closely related to modern humans?
a) Homo neanderthalensis
b) Homo habilis
c) Homo erectus
d) Australopithecus afarensis
Answer: a) Homo neanderthalensis
- Homo sapiens are believed to have originated in which part of the world?
a) Europe
b) Africa
c) Asia
d) North America
Answer: b) Africa
- What is the significance of the fossil “Ardi” (Ardipithecus ramidus)?
a) It was the first species to use tools.
b) It provides evidence of bipedalism.
c) It shows evidence of fire usage.
d) It is the earliest known Homo species.
Answer: b) It provides evidence of bipedalism.
- Which of the following species is known to have buried their dead and used symbolic behavior?
a) Homo sapiens
b) Homo erectus
c) Homo neanderthalensis
d) Australopithecus afarensis
Answer: c) Homo neanderthalensis
- What evidence suggests that Homo sapiens evolved in Africa?
a) Fossils found only in Africa
b) Genetic studies and mitochondrial DNA
c) Fossils found in Europe
d) Fossils found in Asia
Answer: b) Genetic studies and mitochondrial DNA
- The discovery of which fossil helped support the “Out of Africa” hypothesis?
a) Lucy
b) Turkana Boy
c) Homo habilis
d) Mitochondrial DNA evidence
Answer: d) Mitochondrial DNA evidence
- Which of the following is true about Homo neanderthalensis?
a) They were the first to walk upright.
b) They had larger brains than Homo sapiens.
c) They coexisted with early Homo sapiens.
d) They were vegetarians.
Answer: c) They coexisted with early Homo sapiens.
- Which characteristic is associated with Homo erectus?
a) The use of stone tools
b) Development of art
c) Use of fire
d) Complex language
Answer: c) Use of fire
- Which of the following is considered a “transitional fossil” between early hominids and modern humans?
a) Homo sapiens
b) Homo habilis
c) Australopithecus afarensis
d) Homo neanderthalensis
Answer: c) Australopithecus afarensis
- Which fossil evidence shows that early humans were capable of bipedalism?
a) Fossilized footprints in Laetoli
b) Tools made by Homo habilis
c) Skull of Homo erectus
d) Mitochondrial DNA
Answer: a) Fossilized footprints in Laetoli
- What key feature distinguishes Homo sapiens from earlier hominids?
a) Bipedal locomotion
b) The development of complex tools
c) The use of fire
d) Advanced cognitive abilities and culture
Answer: d) Advanced cognitive abilities and culture
- What is the primary evidence for the development of language in early Homo sapiens?
a) Fossilized vocal cords
b) Brain size and structure
c) Evidence of complex tools
d) Burial practices
Answer: b) Brain size and structure
- Which fossil discovery provides evidence that Homo erectus was capable of long-distance travel?
a) “Turkana Boy”
b) “Lucy”
c) Fossilized tools in Dmanisi
d) Neanderthal remains
Answer: c) Fossilized tools in Dmanisi
- What is a major difference between Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis?
a) Homo sapiens had a smaller brain size.
b) Homo neanderthalensis used more complex tools.
c) Homo sapiens developed advanced culture and art.
d) Homo sapiens were shorter in stature.
Answer: c) Homo sapiens developed advanced culture and art.
- Which species is thought to be the direct ancestor of modern humans?
a) Homo habilis
b) Australopithecus afarensis
c) Homo sapiens
d) Homo erectus
Answer: c) Homo sapiens
- Which hominid is credited with the development of the first known hand axes?
a) Homo sapiens
b) Homo habilis
c) Homo erectus
d) Australopithecus afarensis
Answer: c) Homo erectus
- What is the primary factor that led to the extinction of Neanderthals?
a) Climate change
b) Competition with Homo sapiens
c) Inability to use fire
d) Lack of food sources
Answer: b) Competition with Homo sapiens
- Where was the “Taung Child,” a significant early human fossil, discovered?
a) Kenya
b) South Africa
c) Ethiopia
d) Tanzania
Answer: b) South Africa
- The “Out of Africa” theory suggests that Homo sapiens originated in which region?
a) Europe
b) Asia
c) Africa
d) Australia
Answer: c) Africa
- Which of the following hominid species showed evidence of tool use?
a) Australopithecus afarensis
b) Homo habilis
c) Homo sapiens
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
- What type of evidence suggests that Neanderthals and modern humans interbred?
a) Fossils with mixed traits
b) Mitochondrial DNA
c) Genetic evidence from Neanderthal genomes
d) Fossils with large brain sizes
Answer: c) Genetic evidence from Neanderthal genomes
- Which species of early human is thought to be the first to develop a larger brain size relative to body size?
a) Homo habilis
b) Homo erectus
c) Homo sapiens
d) Australopithecus afarensis
Answer: b) Homo erectus
