MCQs on “Reproduction in Angiosperms: Pollination and Fertilization”

1. What is the primary function of flowers in angiosperms?
   a) Photosynthesis
   b) Reproduction
   c) Water absorption
   d) Nutrient transport
   Answer: b) Reproduction
2. The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma is called:
   a) Fertilization
   b) Pollination
   c) Germination
   d) Propagation
   Answer: b) Pollination
3. Which type of pollination occurs within the same flower?
   a) Geitonogamy
   b) Xenogamy
   c) Autogamy
   d) Apomixis
   Answer: c) Autogamy
4. Insects are attracted to flowers mainly by:
   a) Color and nectar
   b) Roots
   c) Thorns
   d) Leaves
   Answer: a) Color and nectar
5. Which is a characteristic of wind-pollinated flowers?
   a) Brightly colored petals
   b) Large, feathery stigmas
   c) Presence of nectar
   d) Fragrant flowers
   Answer: b) Large, feathery stigmas
6. The process of double fertilization involves:
   a) One sperm and two eggs
   b) Two sperms and one egg
   c) Two sperms and two eggs
   d) One sperm and one egg
   Answer: b) Two sperms and one egg
7. Pollen grains are transferred by animals in:
   a) Hydrophily
   b) Zoophily
   c) Anemophily
   d) Apomixis
   Answer: b) Zoophily
8. Which plant shows pollination by water (hydrophily)?
   a) Lotus
   b) Vallisneria
   c) Rose
   d) Jasmine
   Answer: b) Vallisneria
9. The mature pollen grain in angiosperms is:
   a) Haploid
   b) Diploid
   c) Triploid
   d) Tetraploid
   Answer: a) Haploid
10. The tube cell of a pollen grain helps in:
    a) Producing sperms
    b) Germination of pollen tube
    c) Attracting pollinators
    d) Double fertilization
    Answer: b) Germination of pollen tube
11. Endosperm in angiosperms is:
    a) Diploid
    b) Triploid
    c) Tetraploid
    d) Haploid
    Answer: b) Triploid
12. In the embryo sac, the egg apparatus consists of:
    a) One egg and two synergids
    b) Two eggs and one synergid
    c) Three antipodals
    d) Two polar nuclei
    Answer: a) One egg and two synergids
13. The fusion of male and female gametes is called:
    a) Pollination
    b) Fertilization
    c) Germination
    d) Fragmentation
    Answer: b) Fertilization
14. The part of the ovule that forms the seed coat is:
    a) Nucellus
    b) Integument
    c) Embryo sac
    d) Micropyle
    Answer: b) Integument
15. Which structure becomes the fruit after fertilization?
    a) Ovary
    b) Ovule
    c) Style
    d) Stigma
    Answer: a) Ovary
16. In angiosperms, the male gametophyte is represented by:
    a) Pollen grain
    b) Stigma
    c) Style
    d) Ovule
    Answer: a) Pollen grain
17. A specialized structure that guides the pollen tube towards the ovule is:
    a) Funicle
    b) Micropyle
    c) Chalaza
    d) Peduncle
    Answer: b) Micropyle
18. Which type of pollination ensures maximum genetic diversity?
    a) Autogamy
    b) Cleistogamy
    c) Geitonogamy
    d) Xenogamy
    Answer: d) Xenogamy
19. The process of self-pollination is promoted in:
    a) Unisexual flowers
    b) Bisexual flowers
    c) Dioecious plants
    d) Monoecious plants
    Answer: b) Bisexual flowers
20. Anemophily is common in plants like:
    a) Maize
    b) Jasmine
    c) Mango
    d) Rose
    Answer: a) Maize
21. Double fertilization results in:
    a) Formation of two embryos
    b) Formation of one embryo and endosperm
    c) Two pollen grains
    d) None of the above
    Answer: b) Formation of one embryo and endosperm
22. Megasporogenesis occurs in the:
    a) Anther
    b) Ovule
    c) Style
    d) Petal
    Answer: b) Ovule
23. Synergids help in:
    a) Guiding pollen tube
    b) Nourishing embryo
    c) Forming endosperm
    d) Pollination
    Answer: a) Guiding pollen tube
24. Which of the following is true about cleistogamy?
    a) Pollination occurs within closed flowers
    b) Requires external agents
    c) Promotes cross-pollination
    d) Seen in aquatic plants only
    Answer: a) Pollination occurs within closed flowers
25. Ovules in angiosperms are attached to the ovary wall by:
    a) Peduncle
    b) Funicle
    c) Micropyle
    d) Style
    Answer: b) Funicle
26. Which of the following promotes cross-pollination?
    a) Bisexual flowers
    b) Cleistogamy
    c) Dioecy
    d) Self-compatibility
    Answer: c) Dioecy
27. The pollen tube usually enters the ovule through the:
    a) Chalaza
    b) Micropyle
    c) Funicle
    d) Nucellus
    Answer: b) Micropyle
28. In mature seeds of angiosperms, the nucellus is represented by:
    a) Endosperm
    b) Perisperm
    c) Embryo
    d) Seed coat
    Answer: b) Perisperm
29. Which hormone is involved in the development of fruits after fertilization?
    a) Cytokinin
    b) Ethylene
    c) Auxin
    d) Gibberellin
    Answer: c) Auxin
30. In angiosperms, seeds are enclosed within the:
    a) Stigma
    b) Fruit
    c) Ovule
    d) Embryo
    Answer: b) Fruit

These MCQs cover essential concepts related to pollination, fertilization, and related structures and processes in angiosperms.