1. Which pigment is primarily responsible for capturing light energy in photosynthesis?
a) Carotene
b) Chlorophyll
c) Xanthophyll
d) Phycobilins
Answer: b) Chlorophyll
2. What is the primary function of photosynthetic pigments in plants?
a) To absorb water
b) To capture light energy for photosynthesis
c) To synthesize glucose
d) To produce oxygen
Answer: b) To capture light energy for photosynthesis
3. Which type of chlorophyll is most common in plants?
a) Chlorophyll a
b) Chlorophyll b
c) Chlorophyll c
d) Chlorophyll d
Answer: a) Chlorophyll a
4. The green color of plants is due to the absorption of light by which pigment?
a) Xanthophyll
b) Chlorophyll
c) Carotene
d) Phycocyanin
Answer: b) Chlorophyll
5. Chlorophyll a absorbs light most effectively in which two regions of the light spectrum?
a) Red and blue
b) Green and yellow
c) Blue and green
d) Red and green
Answer: a) Red and blue
6. Which pigment is responsible for the yellow or orange color in many fruits and flowers?
a) Carotene
b) Chlorophyll
c) Xanthophyll
d) Phycobilins
Answer: a) Carotene
7. Xanthophylls are responsible for which color in leaves?
a) Blue
b) Yellow
c) Red
d) Green
Answer: b) Yellow
8. Which pigment is most commonly found in red algae?
a) Chlorophyll a
b) Chlorophyll b
c) Phycoerythrin
d) Carotenoids
Answer: c) Phycoerythrin
9. What is the role of carotenoids in photosynthesis?
a) To trap light energy and transfer it to chlorophyll
b) To directly capture light energy
c) To aid in carbon fixation
d) To split water molecules
Answer: a) To trap light energy and transfer it to chlorophyll
10. Which pigment is most abundant in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts?
a) Carotenoids
b) Chlorophyll a
c) Phycobilins
d) Chlorophyll b
Answer: b) Chlorophyll a
11. In which part of the chloroplast are photosynthetic pigments found?
a) Stroma
b) Outer membrane
c) Thylakoid membranes
d) Matrix
Answer: c) Thylakoid membranes
12. What is the function of phycobilins in photosynthetic organisms?
a) They help in capturing light energy in cyanobacteria and red algae.
b) They store glucose for energy.
c) They synthesize ATP.
d) They split water molecules.
Answer: a) They help in capturing light energy in cyanobacteria and red algae.
13. What is the role of light-harvesting complex (LHC) in photosynthesis?
a) To produce ATP
b) To transfer energy from light-harvesting pigments to reaction centers
c) To fix carbon dioxide
d) To split water molecules
Answer: b) To transfer energy from light-harvesting pigments to reaction centers
14. Chlorophyll b primarily assists chlorophyll a in which way?
a) By absorbing red light
b) By capturing light energy in different wavelengths
c) By synthesizing glucose
d) By producing oxygen
Answer: b) By capturing light energy in different wavelengths
15. What does the term “photosynthetic efficiency” refer to?
a) The amount of light absorbed by chlorophyll
b) The ratio of glucose produced to sunlight absorbed
c) The amount of oxygen produced
d) The rate at which carbon dioxide is absorbed
Answer: b) The ratio of glucose produced to sunlight absorbed
16. Which photosynthetic pigment absorbs light in the blue-violet and red regions?
a) Chlorophyll a
b) Chlorophyll b
c) Carotenoids
d) Phycobilins
Answer: a) Chlorophyll a
17. What is the function of the accessory pigments in photosynthesis?
a) To help in carbon fixation
b) To provide structural support to the chloroplast
c) To broaden the absorption spectrum of light
d) To produce ATP directly
Answer: c) To broaden the absorption spectrum of light
18. Which pigment helps in capturing light energy for photosynthesis in cyanobacteria?
a) Phycoerythrin
b) Chlorophyll b
c) Phycocyanin
d) Carotene
Answer: c) Phycocyanin
19. Why do plants appear green?
a) Because chlorophyll absorbs mostly red light
b) Because chlorophyll absorbs mostly blue light
c) Because chlorophyll reflects green light
d) Because carotenoids reflect green light
Answer: c) Because chlorophyll reflects green light
20. What happens when chlorophyll absorbs light energy?
a) It converts the light energy into heat.
b) It splits water molecules.
c) It excites electrons, starting the process of photosynthesis.
d) It generates glucose.
Answer: c) It excites electrons, starting the process of photosynthesis.
21. Which pigment is responsible for the red color of some plants?
a) Chlorophyll a
b) Carotenoids
c) Phycoerythrin
d) Phycocyanin
Answer: c) Phycoerythrin
22. Which of the following pigments is most efficient at absorbing light in the blue range?
a) Chlorophyll a
b) Chlorophyll b
c) Carotenoids
d) Phycocyanin
Answer: a) Chlorophyll a
23. What is the primary purpose of photosynthetic pigments in plants?
a) To generate oxygen
b) To capture light energy for photosynthesis
c) To fix carbon dioxide
d) To produce glucose
Answer: b) To capture light energy for photosynthesis
24. In which type of organism are phycobilins most commonly found?
a) Mosses
b) Fungi
c) Algae and Cyanobacteria
d) Ferns
Answer: c) Algae and Cyanobacteria
25. What is the function of carotenoids in the light reaction of photosynthesis?
a) They provide energy for carbon fixation
b) They absorb and transfer light energy to chlorophyll
c) They produce oxygen
d) They produce glucose
Answer: b) They absorb and transfer light energy to chlorophyll
26. Which of the following pigments is mainly responsible for the orange-yellow color in carrots?
a) Chlorophyll a
b) Xanthophyll
c) Carotene
d) Phycocyanin
Answer: c) Carotene
27. Chlorophyll a is directly involved in which process of photosynthesis?
a) Oxygen production
b) Electron transport chain
c) Carbon fixation
d) Water splitting
Answer: b) Electron transport chain
28. What color light does chlorophyll a absorb least efficiently?
a) Red
b) Blue
c) Green
d) Yellow
Answer: c) Green
29. Which pigment helps plants absorb light in the green-yellow region of the spectrum?
a) Carotenoids
b) Phycobilins
c) Chlorophyll b
d) Phycoerythrin
Answer: a) Carotenoids
30. Which statement about chlorophyll b is true?
a) It is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis.
b) It reflects green light.
c) It helps in expanding the light absorption spectrum of plants.
d) It absorbs only red light.
Answer: c) It helps in expanding the light absorption spectrum of plants.
