1. What is the primary difference between active and passive transport?
A. Active transport uses energy; passive does not.
B. Active transport moves molecules faster.
C. Passive transport requires ATP.
D. Passive transport occurs only in plant cells.
Answer: A. Active transport uses energy; passive does not.
2. Which type of transport involves movement of molecules from high to low concentration?
A. Active transport
B. Passive transport
C. Endocytosis
D. Exocytosis
Answer: B. Passive transport
3. Which of the following processes is an example of active transport?
A. Osmosis
B. Diffusion
C. Sodium-potassium pump
D. Facilitated diffusion
Answer: C. Sodium-potassium pump
4. What is facilitated diffusion?
A. Movement of water through a membrane.
B. Movement of molecules with the help of carrier proteins.
C. Movement of molecules against their concentration gradient.
D. Movement of large particles into the cell.
Answer: B. Movement of molecules with the help of carrier proteins.
**5. In osmosis, water moves: **
A. From low solute concentration to high solute concentration.
B. From high solute concentration to low solute concentration.
C. Against its concentration gradient.
D. With the help of ATP.
Answer: A. From low solute concentration to high solute concentration.
6. What is required for active transport?
A. Osmotic pressure
B. Concentration gradient
C. ATP or energy source
D. Diffusion gradient
Answer: C. ATP or energy source
7. Which of the following is NOT a type of passive transport?
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Pinocytosis
Answer: D. Pinocytosis
8. Which structure facilitates active transport in the cell membrane?
A. Phospholipids
B. Protein pumps
C. Cholesterol molecules
D. Glycoproteins
Answer: B. Protein pumps
**9. During endocytosis, the cell: **
A. Expels waste materials.
B. Takes in large molecules by engulfing them.
C. Uses diffusion to move molecules.
D. Moves ions against the concentration gradient.
Answer: B. Takes in large molecules by engulfing them.
10. The movement of ions through a sodium-potassium pump is an example of:
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Passive transport
D. Active transport
Answer: D. Active transport
11. What is the role of aquaporins?
A. Facilitate the transport of ions.
B. Act as ATP pumps.
C. Transport water molecules across the membrane.
D. Help in endocytosis.
Answer: C. Transport water molecules across the membrane.
12. In passive transport, the driving force is:
A. Energy from ATP.
B. A concentration gradient.
C. Carrier protein action.
D. Membrane-bound vesicles.
Answer: B. A concentration gradient.
13. Which of the following involves bulk transport?
A. Diffusion
B. Exocytosis
C. Osmosis
D. Facilitated diffusion
Answer: B. Exocytosis
14. Which process specifically refers to the movement of water?
A. Active transport
B. Endocytosis
C. Osmosis
D. Diffusion
Answer: C. Osmosis
15. The type of transport where glucose enters the cell through a carrier protein is:
A. Active transport
B. Facilitated diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Simple diffusion
Answer: B. Facilitated diffusion
16. Which of the following is an energy-independent transport process?
A. Sodium-potassium pump
B. Exocytosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Endocytosis
Answer: C. Facilitated diffusion
17. Active transport is necessary for:
A. Moving oxygen into cells.
B. Moving carbon dioxide out of cells.
C. Absorbing glucose in the intestines.
D. Water absorption in roots.
Answer: C. Absorbing glucose in the intestines.
18. What happens to a red blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution?
A. It shrinks.
B. It swells and bursts.
C. No change occurs.
D. It actively pumps water out.
Answer: B. It swells and bursts.
19. In secondary active transport, energy is derived from:
A. ATP directly.
B. Osmotic pressure.
C. Ion gradients established by primary active transport.
D. Facilitated diffusion.
Answer: C. Ion gradients established by primary active transport.
20. What type of molecule is most likely to pass through the lipid bilayer without assistance?
A. Large proteins
B. Small nonpolar molecules
C. Ions
D. Polar molecules
Answer: B. Small nonpolar molecules
21. Pinocytosis is a form of:
A. Passive transport
B. Phagocytosis
C. Endocytosis
D. Simple diffusion
Answer: C. Endocytosis
22. A hypertonic solution causes a cell to:
A. Swell due to water intake.
B. Shrink due to water loss.
C. Remain the same size.
D. Actively pump ions out.
Answer: B. Shrink due to water loss.
23. Which type of transport is used to expel neurotransmitters from neurons?
A. Osmosis
B. Exocytosis
C. Simple diffusion
D. Facilitated diffusion
Answer: B. Exocytosis
24. What is the primary role of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
A. Facilitates ion transport.
B. Acts as a receptor.
C. Maintains membrane fluidity.
D. Creates protein channels.
Answer: C. Maintains membrane fluidity.
25. Which of these involves energy expenditure by the cell?
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Active transport
D. Facilitated diffusion
Answer: C. Active transport
26. Ion channels in the membrane allow for:
A. Bulk transport of ions.
B. Active transport of molecules.
C. Passive transport of specific ions.
D. Transport of large proteins.
Answer: C. Passive transport of specific ions.
27. In co-transport systems, molecules move:
A. Independently.
B. In the same direction.
C. Against their gradient using ATP.
D. Via random diffusion.
Answer: B. In the same direction.
28. Which of the following is an example of passive transport?
A. Sodium-potassium pump
B. Facilitated diffusion
C. Exocytosis
D. Endocytosis
Answer: B. Facilitated diffusion
29. The term for water transport in plants via osmosis is:
A. Cohesion
B. Plasmolysis
C. Transpiration
D. Water potential gradient
Answer: D. Water potential gradient
30. Active transport is most likely used when:
A. Molecules are small.
B. A concentration gradient exists.
C. Molecules must move against their gradient.
D. Diffusion is sufficient.
Answer: C. Molecules must move against their gradient.
