- What is transplant rejection?
- a) The process by which the body accepts a foreign organ
- b) The process by which the body attacks a transplanted organ
- c) The process of enhancing the immune system after a transplant
- d) The prevention of graft-versus-host disease
- Answer: b) The process by which the body attacks a transplanted organ
- Which of the following cells are primarily responsible for transplant rejection?
- a) Red blood cells
- b) T lymphocytes
- c) Platelets
- d) Neutrophils
- Answer: b) T lymphocytes
- What is the primary mechanism of rejection in organ transplants?
- a) Allergic response
- b) Immune system response to foreign antigens
- c) Hormonal imbalance
- d) Viral infection
- Answer: b) Immune system response to foreign antigens
- Which type of transplant rejection occurs immediately after the transplant and is often irreversible?
- a) Acute rejection
- b) Chronic rejection
- c) Hyperacute rejection
- d) Graft-versus-host disease
- Answer: c) Hyperacute rejection
- What is the main cause of hyperacute transplant rejection?
- a) Infection in the transplanted organ
- b) Pre-existing antibodies against donor antigens
- c) Inflammatory cytokine release
- d) Donor-recipient tissue incompatibility
- Answer: b) Pre-existing antibodies against donor antigens
- Which of the following is a common treatment to prevent transplant rejection?
- a) Antiviral medications
- b) Immunosuppressive drugs
- c) Antibiotics
- d) Painkillers
- Answer: b) Immunosuppressive drugs
- What does the term “MHC compatibility” refer to in organ transplantation?
- a) The similarity in donor-recipient blood types
- b) The similarity in HLA molecules between donor and recipient
- c) The absence of autoimmune diseases in the recipient
- d) The donor’s organ size matching the recipient’s
- Answer: b) The similarity in HLA molecules between donor and recipient
- Which immune response plays a significant role in acute transplant rejection?
- a) Humoral immune response
- b) Innate immune response
- c) Cell-mediated immune response
- d) Adaptive immune response
- Answer: c) Cell-mediated immune response
- Which molecule is involved in the recognition of foreign antigens by T cells during transplant rejection?
- a) Cytokines
- b) Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
- c) Antibodies
- d) Interleukins
- Answer: b) Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
- Which of the following is a key factor in chronic transplant rejection?
- a) Short-term inflammation
- b) Continuous immune system activation over time
- c) Acute allergic reactions
- d) Viral infections of the transplanted organ
- Answer: b) Continuous immune system activation over time
- What is the role of immunosuppressive drugs in preventing transplant rejection?
- a) They boost the immune system to prevent infections.
- b) They suppress the recipient’s immune response to the transplanted organ.
- c) They directly destroy harmful T cells.
- d) They promote tissue regeneration in the transplanted organ.
- Answer: b) They suppress the recipient’s immune response to the transplanted organ.
- Which of the following is a potential side effect of long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs?
- a) Increased risk of infections
- b) Improved organ function
- c) Enhanced blood circulation
- d) Reduction in organ rejection
- Answer: a) Increased risk of infections
- What is graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)?
- a) A condition where the recipient’s immune system attacks the graft
- b) A condition where the donor’s immune cells attack the recipient’s tissues
- c) A form of acute transplant rejection
- d) A type of chronic rejection affecting transplanted organs
- Answer: b) A condition where the donor’s immune cells attack the recipient’s tissues
- Which of the following can increase the risk of transplant rejection?
- a) Matching blood types between donor and recipient
- b) The use of immunosuppressive drugs
- c) Genetic differences in MHC molecules
- d) Regular exercise and diet control
- Answer: c) Genetic differences in MHC molecules
- Which type of transplant rejection can occur months to years after transplantation?
- a) Hyperacute rejection
- b) Acute rejection
- c) Chronic rejection
- d) Immediate rejection
- Answer: c) Chronic rejection
- Which organ transplant is most commonly associated with chronic rejection?
- a) Kidney transplant
- b) Heart transplant
- c) Lung transplant
- d) Liver transplant
- Answer: a) Kidney transplant
- What is the purpose of crossmatching in organ transplantation?
- a) To match the donor and recipient’s blood types
- b) To assess genetic compatibility between donor and recipient
- c) To test if the recipient has pre-existing antibodies against the donor
- d) To measure the organ’s viability for transplantation
- Answer: c) To test if the recipient has pre-existing antibodies against the donor
- Which of the following is a long-term strategy to prevent transplant rejection?
- a) Frequent organ replacements
- b) Administration of high doses of immunosuppressive drugs
- c) Maintaining regular immunological monitoring of the transplanted organ
- d) Use of antibiotics to prevent infections
- Answer: c) Maintaining regular immunological monitoring of the transplanted organ
- Which of the following cells is involved in the recognition of foreign tissue during transplant rejection?
- a) Macrophages
- b) B cells
- c) T cells
- d) Erythrocytes
- Answer: c) T cells
- What is the main reason for the failure of organ transplantation?
- a) Infection from the donor
- b) Rejection by the recipient’s immune system
- c) Incompatibility in blood pressure
- d) Organ overgrowth
- Answer: b) Rejection by the recipient’s immune system
- Which of the following is NOT a component of the immune response involved in transplant rejection?
- a) Antibodies
- b) T lymphocytes
- c) MHC molecules
- d) Insulin production
- Answer: d) Insulin production
- What is the consequence of mismatched HLA molecules between donor and recipient in organ transplantation?
- a) Increased organ survival rate
- b) Higher likelihood of transplant rejection
- c) No impact on the transplant success
- d) Improved immune response against infections
- Answer: b) Higher likelihood of transplant rejection
- Which cytokine is often involved in promoting transplant rejection?
- a) Interleukin-2 (IL-2)
- b) Erythropoietin
- c) Interferon-gamma
- d) Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
- Answer: a) Interleukin-2 (IL-2)
- Which of the following methods is used to prevent acute transplant rejection?
- a) Chemotherapy
- b) Organ preservation techniques
- c) Immunosuppressive drug therapy
- d) High-protein diet
- Answer: c) Immunosuppressive drug therapy
- Which of the following factors can influence the success of organ transplants?
- a) The recipient’s immune status
- b) The donor’s blood pressure
- c) The size of the organ
- d) The recipient’s age alone
- Answer: a) The recipient’s immune status
- Which of the following is a potential result of chronic transplant rejection?
- a) Graft failure and organ dysfunction
- b) Rapid tissue regeneration
- c) Immunological tolerance
- d) Reduced immune response
- Answer: a) Graft failure and organ dysfunction
- What is the main goal of immunosuppressive therapy in transplant recipients?
- a) To prevent infections
- b) To boost the immune response
- c) To prevent organ rejection
- d) To promote organ overgrowth
- Answer: c) To prevent organ rejection
- Which of the following is a symptom of transplant rejection?
- a) Fever and swelling at the site of the transplant
- b) Reduced risk of infection
- c) Increased organ functionality
- d) Improved tissue regeneration
- Answer: a) Fever and swelling at the site of the transplant
- Which of the following treatments is commonly used for preventing acute transplant rejection?
- a) Radiation therapy
- b) Blood transfusions
- c) Steroid therapy
- d) Chemotherapy
- Answer: c) Steroid therapy
- Which organ has the highest risk of hyperacute rejection?
- a) Heart
- b) Kidney
- c) Liver
- d) Lung
- Answer: b) Kidney
Home Biology Topics with MCQs Immunology MCQs on Immunology in Transplant Rejection: Causes and Prevention
MCQs on Immunology in Transplant Rejection: Causes and Prevention
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