1. Which of the following is a part of innate immunity?
A. B cells
B. Antibodies
C. Skin barrier
D. Memory T cells
Answer: C. Skin barrier
2. Which cells are responsible for adaptive immunity?
A. Natural killer cells
B. T and B lymphocytes
C. Macrophages
D. Dendritic cells
Answer: B. T and B lymphocytes
3. What is the primary characteristic of adaptive immunity?
A. Immediate response
B. Memory formation
C. Non-specific defense
D. Physical barriers
Answer: B. Memory formation
4. Which of the following is NOT a part of innate immunity?
A. Complement system
B. Inflammatory response
C. Antibodies
D. Natural killer cells
Answer: C. Antibodies
5. What is the role of macrophages in immunity?
A. Antibody production
B. Engulfing pathogens
C. Killing virus-infected cells
D. Memory cell formation
Answer: B. Engulfing pathogens
6. Adaptive immunity is mainly mediated by which type of cells?
A. Red blood cells
B. Platelets
C. Lymphocytes
D. Neutrophils
Answer: C. Lymphocytes
7. Which immune system provides a rapid but non-specific response?
A. Innate immunity
B. Adaptive immunity
C. Acquired immunity
D. Passive immunity
Answer: A. Innate immunity
8. What is the function of antibodies?
A. Engulfing pathogens
B. Binding and neutralizing antigens
C. Producing cytokines
D. Activating the complement system
Answer: B. Binding and neutralizing antigens
9. Natural killer (NK) cells belong to which type of immunity?
A. Innate immunity
B. Adaptive immunity
C. Passive immunity
D. Acquired immunity
Answer: A. Innate immunity
10. What is a key feature of adaptive immunity?
A. Immediate response
B. Non-specificity
C. Immunological memory
D. Physical barriers
Answer: C. Immunological memory
11. Which of the following produces cytokines?
A. T cells
B. B cells
C. Platelets
D. Neutrophils
Answer: A. T cells
12. What type of immunity does a vaccine provide?
A. Innate immunity
B. Passive immunity
C. Artificial active immunity
D. Natural active immunity
Answer: C. Artificial active immunity
13. Which antibody is most abundant in the blood?
A. IgA
B. IgG
C. IgM
D. IgE
Answer: B. IgG
14. Which cells are antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?
A. Neutrophils
B. Macrophages
C. B cells
D. Both B and C
Answer: D. Both B and C
15. Which immune response involves the production of antibodies?
A. Cell-mediated immunity
B. Humoral immunity
C. Passive immunity
D. Innate immunity
Answer: B. Humoral immunity
16. Which type of immunity is inherited?
A. Innate immunity
B. Adaptive immunity
C. Artificial immunity
D. Passive immunity
Answer: A. Innate immunity
17. Which immune cells are involved in destroying infected or cancerous cells?
A. B cells
B. Helper T cells
C. Cytotoxic T cells
D. Plasma cells
Answer: C. Cytotoxic T cells
18. Which organ is the site of T cell maturation?
A. Bone marrow
B. Thymus
C. Spleen
D. Lymph nodes
Answer: B. Thymus
19. What is the first line of defense in the immune system?
A. Skin and mucous membranes
B. T lymphocytes
C. Antibodies
D. Natural killer cells
Answer: A. Skin and mucous membranes
20. What triggers the activation of the adaptive immune system?
A. Cytokine release
B. Antigen recognition
C. Pathogen engulfment
D. Complement activation
Answer: B. Antigen recognition
21. Which antibody is involved in allergic reactions?
A. IgA
B. IgE
C. IgG
D. IgM
Answer: B. IgE
22. What is the role of helper T cells?
A. Directly killing pathogens
B. Supporting other immune cells
C. Producing antibodies
D. Phagocytosis
Answer: B. Supporting other immune cells
23. Which of the following is NOT a part of the complement system?
A. Opsonization
B. Pathogen lysis
C. Antibody production
D. Inflammatory response
Answer: C. Antibody production
24. Which cell type directly attacks and destroys pathogens?
A. Helper T cells
B. Cytotoxic T cells
C. B cells
D. Dendritic cells
Answer: B. Cytotoxic T cells
25. Which cells produce antibodies?
A. Plasma cells
B. T cells
C. Dendritic cells
D. Neutrophils
Answer: A. Plasma cells
26. What is the function of dendritic cells?
A. Killing pathogens
B. Phagocytosis
C. Antigen presentation
D. Producing antibodies
Answer: C. Antigen presentation
27. Which immune system component marks pathogens for destruction?
A. Cytokines
B. Antibodies
C. Neutrophils
D. Macrophages
Answer: B. Antibodies
28. Passive immunity can be acquired through which of the following?
A. Vaccination
B. Maternal antibodies
C. T cell activation
D. Inflammatory response
Answer: B. Maternal antibodies
29. Which immune component increases the efficiency of phagocytosis?
A. Opsonins
B. Cytotoxic T cells
C. Helper T cells
D. Memory cells
Answer: A. Opsonins
30. Which type of immunity is long-lasting and specific?
A. Innate immunity
B. Adaptive immunity
C. Passive immunity
D. Artificial immunity
Answer: B. Adaptive immunity
