1. General Studies:
- Indian Polity and Governance
- Indian Constitution and Amendments
- Role of President, Parliament, and Judiciary
- Fundamental Rights and Duties
- Indian Federal System
- Local Government and Panchayati Raj
- Electoral System and Reforms
- Public Administration
- Welfare Schemes and Policies
- Accountability and Transparency
- Public Policy and Governance Challenges
- Judiciary and Legal System
- Anti-corruption Measures
- Right to Information (RTI) Act
- Legislative Process and Lawmaking
2. History:
- Ancient Indian History (Indus Valley Civilization, Mauryas, Guptas)
- Medieval India (Delhi Sultanate, Mughals)
- Modern Indian History (Freedom Struggle)
- National Movement: Key Events and Leaders
- British Colonial Impact on India
- Social and Religious Reform Movements
- Indian Freedom Struggle: Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience
- Independence and Partition
- Indian National Congress and Its Role
- Post-Independence India
- Revolutions Around the World
- Cold War Era
- Economic and Social Transformation in India
- Nationalist Movements Globally
- Impact of World Wars on India
3. Geography:
- Physical Geography of India and the World
- Geophysical Features (Mountains, Rivers, Deserts)
- Climatic Zones and Monsoon Patterns
- Population and Demographic Trends
- Human Geography and Settlement Patterns
- Urbanization and Migration
- Resources and Development
- Agriculture and Land Use
- Disaster Management and Mitigation
- Environmental Issues and Biodiversity
- Environmental Policies of India
- Conservation Strategies
- International Borders and Boundaries
- Climate Change and Sustainable Development
- Natural Hazards (Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Floods)
4. Economy:
- Indian Economy and Planning
- Economic Reforms and Liberalization
- Economic Growth and Development Indicators
- Poverty and Unemployment
- Inflation and Price Control Mechanisms
- Public Finance and Budgeting
- Monetary Policy and RBI Functions
- Banking and Financial Systems
- International Trade and WTO
- Agriculture and Rural Development
- Industrial Growth and Policies
- Infrastructure Development
- Fiscal and Monetary Policies
- Economic Indicators (GDP, Inflation, IIP)
- Economic Crises and Management
- Sustainable Economic Development
5. Science & Technology:
- Indian Scientific and Technological Developments
- Space Research and ISRO’s Achievements
- Biotechnology and Genetics
- Nuclear Energy and Policy
- Information Technology and Cybersecurity
- Health and Medicine Advances
- Climate Science and Atmospheric Studies
- Renewable Energy Sources
- Environmental Technologies
- Robotics and Artificial Intelligence
- Nanotechnology Applications
- Disaster Management Technologies
- Space Science and Satellites
- Technological Innovations in Agriculture
- Scientific Research and Development Policies
6. Environment & Ecology:
- Biodiversity and Conservation
- Environmental Protection Laws
- Global Environmental Challenges (Climate Change, Pollution)
- Wildlife and Forest Conservation
- National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries
- Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
- Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
- Environmental Ethics and Movements
- Renewable Energy and Green Technologies
- Pollution Control and Waste Management
- Ecosystem and Ecological Balance
- Soil and Water Conservation
- Environmental Policies in India
- International Environmental Cooperation
- Urbanization and Environmental Degradation
7. Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude:
- Moral Philosophy and Theories
- Ethics in Public Administration
- Integrity in Governance
- Role of Ethics in Decision-Making
- Transparency and Accountability
- Ethical Dilemmas in Governance
- Human Rights and Social Justice
- Environmental Ethics
- Professional Integrity
- Code of Ethics for Civil Services
- Values in Leadership
- Emotional Intelligence in Public Life
- Corruption and Its Impact on Society
- Conflict Resolution Strategies
- Government Integrity Systems
8. International Relations:
- Bilateral and Multilateral Relations
- India’s Foreign Policy
- Regional and Global Cooperation (UN, WTO, BRICS)
- International Trade Agreements
- Global Security Issues (Terrorism, Conflicts)
- Geopolitical Issues in Asia
- Diplomatic Relations with Major Powers (USA, China, Russia)
- India’s Role in Global Governance
- Global Environmental Cooperation
- International Treaties and Conventions
- Regional Conflicts and Solutions
- Development Assistance and Foreign Aid
- Migration and Refugee Issues
- Conflict Resolution in International Relations
- International Organizations and Their Role
9. Current Affairs:
- Government Policies and Initiatives
- International Relations and Developments
- Social Welfare and Rights Issues
- Climate Change and Environmental News
- Economic and Financial Developments
- Major National and International Events
- Technological Advances and Innovations
- Indian Political Landscape
- Science and Technology News
- Sports and Achievements
- Cultural and Social Movements
- National Security and Defense News
- Global Health Issues
- Global Trade and Economy
- Economic Reforms and Regulatory Changes
10. General Knowledge & Awareness:
- Current Affairs and Trends
- Historical Events and Developments
- Culture and Heritage of India
- Important National Days and Events
- Indian Achievements in Science and Technology
- Awards and Recognitions
- International Events and Summits
- Indian Economy and Global Role
- India’s Strategic Partnerships
- Key Personalities in World Affairs
- Contemporary Issues and Challenges
- Indian Political History
- Environmental Movements and Advocacy
- Economic and Social Developments
- Global Security and Peace Efforts
