1. What is the primary function of the digestive system?
a) To transport oxygen
b) To break down food into nutrients
c) To produce hormones
d) To circulate blood
Answer: b) To break down food into nutrients
2. Which of the following organs is responsible for the mechanical digestion of food?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Mouth
Answer: d) Mouth
3. What enzyme is primarily responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth?
a) Lipase
b) Amylase
c) Protease
d) Lactase
Answer: b) Amylase
4. Which organ secretes bile that helps in the digestion of fats?
a) Stomach
b) Liver
c) Pancreas
d) Small intestine
Answer: b) Liver
5. Where does the majority of nutrient absorption occur?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Mouth
Answer: b) Small intestine
6. What is the role of the villi in the small intestine?
a) To produce digestive enzymes
b) To increase surface area for nutrient absorption
c) To store bile
d) To secrete mucus
Answer: b) To increase surface area for nutrient absorption
7. The process by which food moves along the digestive tract is called:
a) Diffusion
b) Peristalsis
c) Filtration
d) Active transport
Answer: b) Peristalsis
8. Which of the following is the correct sequence of the digestive organs food passes through?
a) Mouth → Stomach → Small intestine → Large intestine
b) Mouth → Large intestine → Stomach → Small intestine
c) Mouth → Small intestine → Large intestine → Stomach
d) Stomach → Small intestine → Mouth → Large intestine
Answer: a) Mouth → Stomach → Small intestine → Large intestine
9. What substance does the pancreas secrete to neutralize stomach acid?
a) Bile
b) Sodium bicarbonate
c) Pepsin
d) Lipase
Answer: b) Sodium bicarbonate
10. Which of the following structures prevents food from entering the windpipe during swallowing?
a) Esophagus
b) Epiglottis
c) Larynx
d) Uvula
Answer: b) Epiglottis
11. Which of the following enzymes is responsible for breaking down proteins in the stomach?
a) Amylase
b) Pepsin
c) Lipase
d) Maltase
Answer: b) Pepsin
12. What is the main function of the large intestine?
a) Absorption of nutrients
b) Digestion of food
c) Absorption of water and electrolytes
d) Secretion of digestive enzymes
Answer: c) Absorption of water and electrolytes
13. Which part of the digestive system is responsible for the absorption of water and formation of feces?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Rectum
Answer: c) Large intestine
14. What is the role of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach?
a) It breaks down carbohydrates
b) It neutralizes alkaline food
c) It helps in the digestion of fats
d) It creates an acidic environment for enzyme activation
Answer: d) It creates an acidic environment for enzyme activation
15. The enzyme lipase is responsible for digesting which type of macromolecule?
a) Proteins
b) Carbohydrates
c) Fats
d) Nucleic acids
Answer: c) Fats
16. Which of the following organs does not play a role in digestion but helps in the detoxification of substances?
a) Small intestine
b) Liver
c) Pancreas
d) Stomach
Answer: b) Liver
17. Which of the following is a function of the salivary glands?
a) To secrete insulin
b) To produce bile
c) To secrete amylase for carbohydrate digestion
d) To secrete hydrochloric acid
Answer: c) To secrete amylase for carbohydrate digestion
18. What is the main role of the gastric juices secreted in the stomach?
a) To neutralize stomach acids
b) To digest proteins and kill pathogens
c) To aid in the absorption of vitamins
d) To break down carbohydrates
Answer: b) To digest proteins and kill pathogens
19. The small intestine is divided into how many parts?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Answer: c) Three
20. Which of the following is a function of the pancreas in digestion?
a) Secreting bile for fat digestion
b) Producing digestive enzymes for breaking down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
c) Producing mucus to protect the stomach lining
d) Absorbing nutrients
Answer: b) Producing digestive enzymes for breaking down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
21. What is the role of bile in digestion?
a) To break down carbohydrates
b) To emulsify fats and increase surface area for lipase action
c) To neutralize stomach acids
d) To digest proteins
Answer: b) To emulsify fats and increase surface area for lipase action
22. Which of the following is the primary function of the teeth in digestion?
a) Secretion of enzymes
b) Mechanical breakdown of food
c) Absorption of nutrients
d) Neutralization of acids
Answer: b) Mechanical breakdown of food
23. What type of muscle is responsible for moving food through the digestive tract?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Voluntary muscle
Answer: b) Smooth muscle
24. What does the term “chyme” refer to?
a) The bile produced by the liver
b) The chewed food entering the mouth
c) The mixture of partially digested food and gastric juices in the stomach
d) The enzymes secreted by the pancreas
Answer: c) The mixture of partially digested food and gastric juices in the stomach
25. Where does most protein digestion begin in the digestive system?
a) Mouth
b) Stomach
c) Small intestine
d) Large intestine
Answer: b) Stomach
26. Which part of the digestive system is primarily involved in the absorption of nutrients?
a) Large intestine
b) Stomach
c) Small intestine
d) Rectum
Answer: c) Small intestine
27. What is the role of the rectum in the digestive system?
a) Absorbing nutrients
b) Storing waste products before elimination
c) Breaking down proteins
d) Neutralizing stomach acid
Answer: b) Storing waste products before elimination
28. Which of the following enzymes is secreted by the pancreas and breaks down proteins?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Trypsin
d) Maltase
Answer: c) Trypsin
29. Which of the following is a function of the large intestine?
a) Absorption of vitamins and minerals
b) Absorption of nutrients
c) Secretion of digestive enzymes
d) Secretion of hydrochloric acid
Answer: a) Absorption of vitamins and minerals
30. The enzyme pepsin is secreted by which part of the digestive system?
a) Pancreas
b) Small intestine
c) Stomach
d) Liver
Answer: c) Stomach
These MCQs cover a range of topics related to the digestive system, providing a comprehensive overview of both the structure and function of the digestive organs.
