- What is speciation? a) The extinction of a species
b) Formation of new species
c) The process of adaptation
d) Interbreeding of different species
Answer: b) Formation of new species - Which type of speciation occurs due to geographical barriers? a) Sympatric speciation
b) Allopatric speciation
c) Parapatric speciation
d) Autopolyploidy
Answer: b) Allopatric speciation - Sympatric speciation occurs in the absence of: a) Genetic drift
b) Geographical barriers
c) Natural selection
d) Gene flow
Answer: b) Geographical barriers - What is the primary mechanism driving allopatric speciation? a) Behavioral isolation
b) Physical separation
c) Hybridization
d) Genetic mutation
Answer: b) Physical separation - What role does genetic drift play in speciation? a) It increases genetic diversity
b) It reduces gene flow between populations
c) It leads to adaptive traits
d) It stabilizes existing traits
Answer: b) It reduces gene flow between populations - Polyploidy is a common mechanism of speciation in: a) Mammals
b) Birds
c) Plants
d) Fishes
Answer: c) Plants - The process where two species evolve from one while living in overlapping ranges is called: a) Allopatric speciation
b) Sympatric speciation
c) Parapatric speciation
d) Peripatric speciation
Answer: b) Sympatric speciation - What is hybrid speciation? a) Formation of a new species from interbreeding between two existing species
b) Extinction of hybrid species
c) Hybridization followed by reinforcement
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Formation of a new species from interbreeding between two existing species - Which of the following can lead to reproductive isolation? a) Geographic isolation
b) Behavioral differences
c) Temporal isolation
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - In which type of speciation does gene flow occur only at the boundary of two populations? a) Sympatric speciation
b) Allopatric speciation
c) Parapatric speciation
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Parapatric speciation - What is adaptive radiation? a) Gradual extinction of species
b) Evolution of multiple species from a common ancestor
c) Horizontal gene transfer
d) A sudden genetic mutation
Answer: b) Evolution of multiple species from a common ancestor - What is a prezygotic barrier? a) A mechanism that prevents fertilization
b) A mechanism that kills the zygote
c) A mutation occurring after fertilization
d) None of the above
Answer: a) A mechanism that prevents fertilization - Temporal isolation is a form of: a) Postzygotic isolation
b) Prezygotic isolation
c) Sympatric speciation
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Prezygotic isolation - Which of these is an example of behavioral isolation? a) Different mating calls in frogs
b) Seasonal breeding in flowers
c) Geographic separation of species
d) Hybrid infertility
Answer: a) Different mating calls in frogs - Which type of speciation is common in small, isolated populations? a) Parapatric speciation
b) Peripatric speciation
c) Sympatric speciation
d) Hybrid speciation
Answer: b) Peripatric speciation - What is reinforcement in speciation? a) Strengthening of reproductive barriers
b) Erosion of genetic diversity
c) Geographic convergence
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Strengthening of reproductive barriers - What is genetic divergence? a) Decrease in mutations
b) Accumulation of genetic differences between populations
c) Increase in gene flow
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Accumulation of genetic differences between populations - Hybrid inviability occurs when: a) Hybrids fail to survive
b) Hybrids are fertile
c) Hybrids are viable but sterile
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Hybrids fail to survive - What is punctuated equilibrium? a) Gradual evolution over time
b) Rapid bursts of speciation followed by stability
c) Extinction of species
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Rapid bursts of speciation followed by stability - Allopolyploidy occurs due to: a) Mutation in a single species
b) Hybridization and chromosome doubling
c) Genetic drift in small populations
d) Gene flow in large populations
Answer: b) Hybridization and chromosome doubling - Which of the following is an example of a postzygotic barrier? a) Temporal isolation
b) Hybrid sterility
c) Behavioral isolation
d) Ecological isolation
Answer: b) Hybrid sterility - What is the founder effect? a) Loss of genetic diversity due to a small founding population
b) Increase in gene flow in large populations
c) Extinction of a species
d) Stabilization of genetic traits
Answer: a) Loss of genetic diversity due to a small founding population - Which scientist is associated with the Biological Species Concept? a) Charles Darwin
b) Ernst Mayr
c) Alfred Wallace
d) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Answer: b) Ernst Mayr - What is the main cause of genetic isolation? a) Increased mutations
b) Reduced gene flow between populations
c) Increased genetic diversity
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Reduced gene flow between populations - Which of the following is a driving force of speciation? a) Genetic drift
b) Natural selection
c) Geographic isolation
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which mechanism leads to instantaneous speciation? a) Natural selection
b) Polyploidy
c) Gradualism
d) Genetic drift
Answer: b) Polyploidy - Which species concept emphasizes ecological roles? a) Biological Species Concept
b) Phylogenetic Species Concept
c) Ecological Species Concept
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Ecological Species Concept - What is the primary barrier in ecological isolation? a) Physical separation
b) Differences in habitat preference
c) Behavioral differences
d) Temporal separation
Answer: b) Differences in habitat preference - Which of the following can act as a reproductive barrier? a) Chromosomal incompatibility
b) Hybrid breakdown
c) Mechanical isolation
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - What is the primary focus of speciation studies? a) Extinction mechanisms
b) Processes leading to new species
c) Conservation biology
d) Fossil records
Answer: b) Processes leading to new species
Home Biology Topics with MCQs Evolutionary Biology MCQs and Answers on “Speciation: Types and Evolutionary Mechanisms”
MCQs and Answers on “Speciation: Types and Evolutionary Mechanisms”
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