Questions with their answers on the “Central Dogma of Molecular Biology: DNA to Protein”
1. What is the central dogma of molecular biology, and why is it considered fundamental to understanding cellular function? Answer: The central dogma of molecular biology refers to the process by which genetic information is transferred from DNA to RNA and then to protein. This concept, proposed by Francis Crick in 1957, outlines the flow of genetic information in a cell....
MCQs on the “Central Dogma of Molecular Biology: DNA to Protein”
What is the central dogma of molecular biology? A) DNA to RNA to Protein B) Protein to RNA to DNA C) RNA to DNA to Protein D) DNA to Protein to RNA Answer: A) DNA to RNA to Protein Which process converts DNA to RNA? A) Translation B) Transcription C) Replication D) Protein synthesis Answer: B) Transcription What...
DNA vs. RNA: Structure and Function Differences
Introduction DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) and RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) are fundamental molecules in the biological systems of all living organisms. These nucleic acids play critical roles in storing, transmitting, and executing genetic information. Despite their shared importance and structural similarities, DNA and RNA differ significantly in their structure, chemical composition, and functions. Understanding these differences is essential for grasping molecular biology,...
Questions and Answers on DNA vs. RNA: Structure and Function Differences
1. What are the structural differences between DNA and RNA? Answer: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is a double-stranded helical molecule, while RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) is usually single-stranded. DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, whereas RNA contains ribose, which has an additional hydroxyl (-OH) group. The nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T), while RNA replaces thymine...
MCQs on DNA vs. RNA: Structure and Function Differences
1. Basic Structure Which sugar is found in the structure of DNA? A) Glucose B) Ribose C) Deoxyribose D) Fructose Answer: C) Deoxyribose What type of sugar is present in RNA? A) Ribose B) Deoxyribose C) Maltose D) Sucrose Answer: A) Ribose How many strands does DNA have? A) Single-stranded B) Double-stranded C) Triple-stranded D) Quadruple-stranded Answer: B) Double-stranded What type of...
The Central Hub of Life: Understanding the Nucleus in DNA Storage and Gene Regulation
Introduction The nucleus, a defining feature of eukaryotic cells, is often referred to as the "control center" of the cell. Encased within a double membrane, it houses the genetic material – DNA – and orchestrates processes critical to life, such as DNA replication, transcription, and gene regulation. This study material delves into the intricate structure and functions of the nucleus,...
Questions with Answers on “The Nucleus: DNA Storage and Gene Regulation”
Section 1: Structure and Function of the Nucleus Describe the structure of the nuclear envelope and its significance. Answer: The nuclear envelope is a double membrane structure that encloses the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. It consists of an inner and an outer membrane, separated by a perinuclear space. The outer membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum. The envelope contains nuclear...
Multiple-Choice Questions with Answers on “The Nucleus: DNA Storage and Gene Regulation”
Section 1: Structure and Function of the Nucleus Which of the following structures encloses the nucleus? a) Plasma membrane b) Nuclear envelope c) Cytoplasmic reticulum d) Golgi apparatus Answer: b) Nuclear envelope What is the primary function of nuclear pores? a) DNA replication b) Ribosome synthesis c) Transport of molecules in and out of the nucleus d) Protein degradation Answer: c) Transport of molecules in and out of the...
The Cytoskeleton: Architecture and Function in Cellular Structure and Dynamics
Introduction: The cytoskeleton is a complex network of protein filaments and tubules that provides structural support, shape, and organization to the cell. It is not a static structure but a dynamic framework that constantly reorganizes itself in response to the cell's needs. The cytoskeleton is essential for numerous cellular processes such as intracellular transport, cell division, cell motility, and maintaining...
Questions with answers on “Cytoskeleton and Its Role in Cell Structure”
1. What is the cytoskeleton, and what are its main components? Explain the roles of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. Answer: The cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments and tubules that provides structural support, shape, and organization to the cell. It plays a crucial role in cell division, intracellular transport, and cell movement. The main components of the cytoskeleton are: Microtubules:...
