1. What is a primary role of wetlands in the ecosystem?
A) Increasing agricultural land
B) Serving as habitats for wildlife
C) Reducing water evaporation
D) Storing excess water for agriculture
Answer: B) Serving as habitats for wildlife
2. Wetlands contribute to the purification of water by:
A) Absorbing excess nutrients and pollutants
B) Increasing the salinity of water
C) Decreasing water retention
D) Increasing the temperature of water
Answer: A) Absorbing excess nutrients and pollutants
3. Which of the following is NOT a threat to wetlands?
A) Urban development
B) Deforestation
C) Overfishing
D) Conversion for agriculture
Answer: C) Overfishing
4. What type of wetland is characterized by standing water and cattails?
A) Swamps
B) Marshes
C) Bogs
D) Fens
Answer: B) Marshes
5. Wetlands act as natural buffers by:
A) Increasing water pollution
B) Reducing the impacts of floods
C) Promoting soil erosion
D) Decreasing biodiversity
Answer: B) Reducing the impacts of floods
6. Which of the following is the largest wetland in the world?
A) Everglades National Park
B) Pantanal Wetlands
C) Okavango Delta
D) Sundarbans
Answer: B) Pantanal Wetlands
7. What percentage of the world’s wetlands have been lost since the 1900s?
A) 20%
B) 30%
C) 50%
D) 70%
Answer: C) 50%
8. Wetlands provide critical services for climate regulation by:
A) Absorbing greenhouse gases
B) Releasing oxygen
C) Increasing evaporation
D) Releasing carbon dioxide
Answer: A) Absorbing greenhouse gases
9. The loss of wetlands can directly contribute to:
A) Decreased soil fertility
B) Loss of biodiversity
C) Increased pollution
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
10. What is the term used to describe wetlands that are permanently wet and covered by water?
A) Temporary wetlands
B) Permanent wetlands
C) Seasonal wetlands
D) Floodplains
Answer: B) Permanent wetlands
11. Which of the following activities can be a direct cause of wetland degradation?
A) Sustainable tourism
B) Agricultural runoff
C) Wildlife conservation
D) Establishing protected areas
Answer: B) Agricultural runoff
12. Which of these is an example of a wetland plant?
A) Pine tree
B) Cactus
C) Mangrove
D) Oak tree
Answer: C) Mangrove
13. Which species benefits from wetlands by using them as breeding grounds?
A) Bears
B) Salmon
C) Turtles
D) Frogs
Answer: D) Frogs
14. Wetlands can help mitigate the effects of climate change by:
A) Increasing atmospheric CO2
B) Providing energy for urban areas
C) Storing carbon in plant matter
D) Reducing the availability of freshwater
Answer: C) Storing carbon in plant matter
15. Which of the following is a primary characteristic of bogs?
A) High salinity
B) Low oxygen levels and high acidity
C) High nutrient levels
D) Low water table
Answer: B) Low oxygen levels and high acidity
16. What is the term used for the process of wetlands being drained and converted into agricultural land?
A) Wetland restoration
B) Wetland degradation
C) Wetland reclamation
D) Wetland conservation
Answer: C) Wetland reclamation
17. Wetlands are important for:
A) Providing habitats for migratory birds
B) Reducing carbon emissions
C) Regulating water quality
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
18. Which wetland type is associated with forested ecosystems?
A) Marshes
B) Swamps
C) Bogs
D) Fens
Answer: B) Swamps
19. What is one major consequence of wetland destruction?
A) Increased soil fertility
B) Greater biodiversity
C) Higher rates of water pollution
D) Reduced groundwater levels
Answer: C) Higher rates of water pollution
20. Which of the following is an example of a threat to wetland survival?
A) Increased vegetation growth
B) Overgrazing by livestock
C) Decreased water levels
D) Introduction of invasive species
Answer: D) Introduction of invasive species
21. Wetlands provide an important role in water storage by:
A) Increasing the water table
B) Releasing excessive water into rivers
C) Storing water for use during dry seasons
D) Releasing methane gas
Answer: C) Storing water for use during dry seasons
22. Wetland restoration typically involves:
A) Planting invasive species
B) Draining water from wetlands
C) Reintroducing native plants and animals
D) Urban development
Answer: C) Reintroducing native plants and animals
23. What type of wetlands are characterized by waterlogged soils and peat formation?
A) Marshes
B) Swamps
C) Bogs
D) Floodplains
Answer: C) Bogs
24. Wetlands provide a vital role in maintaining biodiversity by:
A) Serving as nurseries for aquatic species
B) Filtering harmful substances
C) Supporting unique ecosystems
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
25. What is the primary function of wetlands as floodplains?
A) Providing habitats for species
B) Storing excess water and reducing flooding
C) Releasing excess water into lakes
D) Increasing nutrient levels in nearby rivers
Answer: B) Storing excess water and reducing flooding
26. Which of the following is a result of wetland loss in coastal areas?
A) More fertile soil
B) Increased vulnerability to storm surges
C) More water for agriculture
D) Decreased salinity levels in oceans
Answer: B) Increased vulnerability to storm surges
27. Wetlands play a key role in the nitrogen cycle by:
A) Decreasing nitrogen levels in the atmosphere
B) Absorbing and removing excess nitrogen from water
C) Increasing nitrogen levels in the soil
D) Producing nitrogen gas
Answer: B) Absorbing and removing excess nitrogen from water
28. Which of the following is a common wetland animal?
A) Shark
B) Hippo
C) Kangaroo
D) Elephant
Answer: B) Hippo
29. The loss of wetlands is primarily caused by:
A) Water conservation efforts
B) Urban expansion and agriculture
C) Increase in biodiversity
D) Introduction of invasive plant species
Answer: B) Urban expansion and agriculture
30. One way to protect wetlands from destruction is by:
A) Draining wetland areas for urban development
B) Encouraging agriculture in wetland areas
C) Creating protected wetland areas and reserves
D) Introducing more invasive species
Answer: C) Creating protected wetland areas and reserves
