1. What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) DNA storage and replication
d) Detoxification
Answer: c) DNA storage and replication
2. Which of the following organelles is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP?
a) Mitochondria
b) Ribosomes
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: a) Mitochondria
3. Which cellular organelle is involved in the synthesis of proteins?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Lysosomes
c) Ribosomes
d) Nucleus
Answer: c) Ribosomes
4. The Golgi apparatus is primarily responsible for:
a) Protein synthesis
b) Modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins
c) DNA replication
d) Lipid synthesis
Answer: b) Modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins
5. Which organelle contains enzymes that break down cellular waste and debris?
a) Mitochondria
b) Lysosomes
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Nucleolus
Answer: b) Lysosomes
6. Which part of the cell helps in the synthesis of lipids?
a) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
c) Ribosomes
d) Mitochondria
Answer: a) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
7. What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a) Lipid synthesis
b) Protein synthesis and folding
c) ATP production
d) Detoxification
Answer: b) Protein synthesis and folding
8. Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells?
a) Mitochondria
b) Chloroplasts
c) Nucleus
d) Lysosomes
Answer: b) Chloroplasts
9. Which of the following is NOT an organelle?
a) Chloroplast
b) Ribosome
c) Plasma membrane
d) Nucleolus
Answer: c) Plasma membrane
10. Which organelle is involved in the storage of calcium ions?
a) Mitochondria
b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Lysosomes
Answer: b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
11. The double membrane structure of the mitochondria is important for:
a) DNA replication
b) ATP production
c) Protein synthesis
d) Photosynthesis
Answer: b) ATP production
12. What is the function of the nucleolus?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Ribosome production
c) DNA replication
d) Cellular respiration
Answer: b) Ribosome production
13. Which organelle regulates the passage of materials in and out of the cell?
a) Mitochondria
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Plasma membrane
d) Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: c) Plasma membrane
14. Which of the following is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Storage of water, nutrients, and waste products
d) Photosynthesis
Answer: c) Storage of water, nutrients, and waste products
15. Which of the following is true about the structure of lysosomes?
a) They have a double membrane
b) They contain digestive enzymes
c) They are involved in protein synthesis
d) They synthesize lipids
Answer: b) They contain digestive enzymes
16. Which organelle is responsible for the formation of spindle fibers during cell division?
a) Mitochondria
b) Nucleolus
c) Centrosomes
d) Lysosomes
Answer: c) Centrosomes
17. What is the function of peroxisomes in a cell?
a) Energy production
b) Detoxification of harmful substances
c) Protein synthesis
d) DNA replication
Answer: b) Detoxification of harmful substances
18. Which of the following organelles is responsible for modifying and packaging proteins for secretion?
a) Ribosomes
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Mitochondria
Answer: b) Golgi apparatus
19. What is the function of microtubules in the cytoskeleton?
a) Cell movement and shape
b) Protein synthesis
c) DNA replication
d) Lipid storage
Answer: a) Cell movement and shape
20. Which of the following is a key feature of prokaryotic cells?
a) Presence of a nucleus
b) No membrane-bound organelles
c) Mitochondria
d) Chloroplasts
Answer: b) No membrane-bound organelles
21. Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration in both plant and animal cells?
a) Mitochondria
b) Chloroplasts
c) Nucleolus
d) Ribosomes
Answer: a) Mitochondria
22. What does the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) do?
a) Produces energy
b) Synthesizes proteins and lipids
c) Breaks down toxins
d) Stores calcium ions
Answer: b) Synthesizes proteins and lipids
23. Which cellular structure is responsible for the synthesis of RNA?
a) Nucleolus
b) Nucleus
c) Ribosomes
d) Mitochondria
Answer: a) Nucleolus
24. What is the role of the plasma membrane in a cell?
a) Production of ATP
b) Protein synthesis
c) Control of substances entering and leaving the cell
d) Storage of genetic material
Answer: c) Control of substances entering and leaving the cell
25. Which organelle is responsible for the formation of the spindle during mitosis?
a) Centrosomes
b) Lysosomes
c) Mitochondria
d) Golgi apparatus
Answer: a) Centrosomes
26. What is the primary function of the cytoplasm?
a) To support and suspend the cell’s organelles
b) To control the passage of substances
c) To synthesize proteins
d) To store genetic material
Answer: a) To support and suspend the cell’s organelles
27. Which of the following organelles is found only in plant cells?
a) Chloroplast
b) Mitochondria
c) Nucleolus
d) Ribosomes
Answer: a) Chloroplast
28. What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?
a) To protect the cell from toxins
b) To support and give shape to the cell
c) To produce energy
d) To store nutrients
Answer: b) To support and give shape to the cell
29. What does the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) do?
a) Synthesizes proteins
b) Detoxifies harmful substances
c) Modifies proteins
d) Synthesizes lipids and carbohydrates
Answer: d) Synthesizes lipids and carbohydrates
30. Which organelle is primarily responsible for maintaining cell shape and enabling cell movement?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Cytoskeleton
c) Nucleolus
d) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: b) Cytoskeleton
These questions cover the essential concepts related to the structure and function of various cellular organelles. They are designed to help students understand the key roles each organelle plays in the overall function of the cell.
