1. What is ecological restoration?
A. Preserving ecosystems in their current state
B. Enhancing ecosystems for human use
C. Assisting the recovery of ecosystems to their natural state
D. Creating entirely new ecosystems
Answer: C. Assisting the recovery of ecosystems to their natural state
2. Which of the following is a primary goal of ecological restoration?
A. Increasing agricultural productivity
B. Enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services
C. Reducing urban sprawl
D. Promoting industrial growth
Answer: B. Enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services
3. What is the first step in an ecological restoration project?
A. Planting native species
B. Assessing the site’s current condition
C. Removing invasive species
D. Monitoring long-term success
Answer: B. Assessing the site’s current condition
4. Which of these is a widely used technique in ecological restoration?
A. Mining
B. Reforestation
C. Urbanization
D. Pesticide application
Answer: B. Reforestation
5. What role do native plants play in ecological restoration?
A. They prevent soil erosion.
B. They compete with invasive species.
C. They support local wildlife.
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
6. Which type of restoration focuses on wetland recovery?
A. Desert restoration
B. Hydrological restoration
C. Forest restoration
D. Prairie restoration
Answer: B. Hydrological restoration
7. What is one of the benefits of restoring riparian zones?
A. Improved water quality
B. Increased agricultural yield
C. Expansion of urban areas
D. Enhanced industrial output
Answer: A. Improved water quality
8. Which of the following is a common challenge in ecological restoration?
A. High biodiversity
B. Presence of invasive species
C. Rich soil quality
D. Stable climate conditions
Answer: B. Presence of invasive species
9. What is the role of mycorrhizal fungi in ecological restoration?
A. Competing with native plants
B. Enhancing soil fertility and plant growth
C. Degrading soil quality
D. Suppressing seed germination
Answer: B. Enhancing soil fertility and plant growth
10. What is bioremediation?
A. The use of chemicals to clean polluted areas
B. The use of living organisms to detoxify environments
C. A method of urban planning
D. The process of dam construction
Answer: B. The use of living organisms to detoxify environments
11. Which of these ecosystems is commonly targeted for ecological restoration?
A. Coral reefs
B. Grasslands
C. Wetlands
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
12. What is “assisted natural regeneration”?
A. Planting exotic species
B. Allowing ecosystems to recover without intervention
C. Actively supporting natural recovery processes
D. Building artificial ecosystems
Answer: C. Actively supporting natural recovery processes
13. Which of these is an example of ecological restoration?
A. Constructing dams
B. Removing invasive plant species
C. Expanding urban areas
D. Introducing non-native fish to a river
Answer: B. Removing invasive plant species
14. What is “ecological resilience”?
A. An ecosystem’s ability to withstand disturbances
B. The number of species in an ecosystem
C. The productivity of an ecosystem
D. The economic value of an ecosystem
Answer: A. An ecosystem’s ability to withstand disturbances
15. Why is community involvement important in ecological restoration?
A. To reduce costs
B. To ensure long-term success
C. To avoid using technology
D. To prioritize urban expansion
Answer: B. To ensure long-term success
16. Which of the following is a benefit of ecological restoration?
A. Enhanced soil fertility
B. Mitigation of climate change
C. Improved habitat connectivity
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
17. What is the significance of monitoring in ecological restoration?
A. To ensure compliance with regulations
B. To assess restoration progress and make adjustments
C. To reduce project costs
D. To increase tourism
Answer: B. To assess restoration progress and make adjustments
18. What is “habitat fragmentation”?
A. Destruction of ecosystems
B. Division of habitats into smaller, isolated sections
C. Restoration of connected ecosystems
D. Creation of new species
Answer: B. Division of habitats into smaller, isolated sections
19. How does ecological restoration support biodiversity?
A. By increasing urban development
B. By reducing competition among species
C. By restoring habitats for native species
D. By limiting genetic variation
Answer: C. By restoring habitats for native species
20. What is a major global initiative supporting ecological restoration?
A. Paris Agreement
B. United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration
C. World Trade Organization agreements
D. G20 Summit on Economy
Answer: B. United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration
21. Which tool is essential for soil restoration?
A. Pesticides
B. Organic fertilizers
C. Heavy machinery
D. Cement
Answer: B. Organic fertilizers
22. What is the primary focus of “re-wilding”?
A. Introducing new species
B. Allowing nature to recover with minimal human intervention
C. Building artificial parks
D. Replacing native species with exotics
Answer: B. Allowing nature to recover with minimal human intervention
23. Which invasive species has impacted forest restoration efforts globally?
A. Kudzu vine
B. Bamboo
C. Oak trees
D. Mango trees
Answer: A. Kudzu vine
24. Why are wetlands crucial for ecological restoration?
A. They filter water and support diverse species.
B. They occupy unused land.
C. They hinder agriculture.
D. They promote industrialization.
Answer: A. They filter water and support diverse species.
25. What is the main purpose of “green corridors”?
A. Facilitating wildlife movement between habitats
B. Expanding urban landscapes
C. Supporting industrial development
D. Reducing water pollution
Answer: A. Facilitating wildlife movement between habitats
26. What is an example of structural restoration?
A. Building artificial reefs
B. Introducing invasive species
C. Expanding agriculture
D. Removing topsoil
Answer: A. Building artificial reefs
27. Which ecological restoration technique helps restore degraded forests?
A. Reforestation
B. Urbanization
C. Overgrazing
D. Logging
Answer: A. Reforestation
28. Which of these benefits human communities directly?
A. Improved water quality through wetland restoration
B. Reduction of native wildlife
C. Expansion of invasive plants
D. Decreased agricultural yield
Answer: A. Improved water quality through wetland restoration
29. Why is genetic diversity important in restoration?
A. To ensure adaptability to changing conditions
B. To prevent the spread of invasive species
C. To promote soil erosion
D. To reduce ecosystem services
Answer: A. To ensure adaptability to changing conditions
30. Which factor is critical for the success of ecological restoration projects?
A. Long-term maintenance and monitoring
B. Rapid urbanization
C. Minimal local involvement
D. Avoiding native species
Answer: A. Long-term maintenance and monitoring
