- What is the primary function of a bioreactor in biotechnology? a) To synthesize proteins
b) To control environmental conditions for growth
c) To store enzymes
d) To produce antibioticsAnswer: b) To control environmental conditions for growth - Which of the following is a common type of bioreactor used in industrial biotechnology? a) Batch reactor
b) Continuous reactor
c) Stirred tank reactor
d) All of the aboveAnswer: d) All of the above - In a batch bioreactor, the process occurs: a) Continuously
b) In batches with fixed starting and stopping times
c) Only during fermentation
d) Without any initial materialsAnswer: b) In batches with fixed starting and stopping times - Which type of bioreactor is most commonly used for large-scale production of pharmaceuticals? a) Airlift bioreactor
b) Stirred tank bioreactor
c) Membrane bioreactor
d) Packed bed bioreactorAnswer: b) Stirred tank bioreactor - Which of the following bioreactors is typically used in the production of alcohol? a) Batch reactor
b) Continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR)
c) Airlift reactor
d) Fluidized bed reactorAnswer: a) Batch reactor - What is the role of the impeller in a stirred tank bioreactor? a) To heat the medium
b) To provide oxygen supply
c) To mix the contents and enhance mass transfer
d) To sterilize the cultureAnswer: c) To mix the contents and enhance mass transfer - A continuous bioreactor is designed to: a) Operate for a fixed period and stop
b) Continuously feed fresh nutrients and remove waste products
c) Operate at a high temperature
d) Limit the amount of air suppliedAnswer: b) Continuously feed fresh nutrients and remove waste products - Which bioreactor design helps in the prevention of shear damage to sensitive cells? a) Stirred tank bioreactor
b) Airlift bioreactor
c) Membrane bioreactor
d) Packed bed bioreactorAnswer: b) Airlift bioreactor - Which bioreactor is best suited for high-density cell culture applications? a) Stirred tank reactor
b) Packed bed bioreactor
c) Airlift reactor
d) Fluidized bed reactorAnswer: b) Packed bed bioreactor - Which of the following is a characteristic of a fluidized bed bioreactor? a) High shear forces
b) Immobilized cells
c) Continuous mixing
d) All of the aboveAnswer: b) Immobilized cells - What is the main purpose of oxygen transfer in a bioreactor? a) To enhance the product yield
b) To supply energy to microorganisms
c) To remove CO2
d) To control temperatureAnswer: b) To supply energy to microorganisms - In which type of bioreactor is the substrate fed continuously while the product is removed continuously? a) Batch reactor
b) Continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR)
c) Fed-batch reactor
d) Airlift reactorAnswer: c) Fed-batch reactor - Which type of bioreactor is most suitable for the production of high-value, low-volume products? a) Continuous bioreactor
b) Batch bioreactor
c) Stirred tank bioreactor
d) Airlift bioreactorAnswer: b) Batch bioreactor - Which of the following is an advantage of a continuous bioreactor? a) Requires more frequent maintenance
b) Higher productivity due to continuous operation
c) Produces low-volume products
d) Cannot be used for microbial culturesAnswer: b) Higher productivity due to continuous operation - Which bioreactor is preferred for aerobic fermentation processes? a) Packed bed bioreactor
b) Fluidized bed bioreactor
c) Stirred tank bioreactor
d) Airlift bioreactorAnswer: c) Stirred tank bioreactor - In a bioreactor, what is the purpose of controlling pH? a) To maintain optimal growth conditions for microorganisms
b) To remove waste products
c) To increase product formation
d) To control temperatureAnswer: a) To maintain optimal growth conditions for microorganisms - In which bioreactor are microorganisms typically immobilized on a solid matrix? a) Membrane bioreactor
b) Packed bed bioreactor
c) Fluidized bed bioreactor
d) Stirred tank reactorAnswer: b) Packed bed bioreactor - What is the primary difference between a batch and a continuous bioreactor? a) Batch reactors operate at high pressure, while continuous ones do not
b) Batch reactors have a fixed cycle, whereas continuous reactors run indefinitely
c) Continuous reactors are used only for bacterial cultures
d) Batch reactors produce products continuouslyAnswer: b) Batch reactors have a fixed cycle, whereas continuous reactors run indefinitely - In which type of bioreactor is the nutrient supply and product removal done in a controlled manner, rather than all at once? a) Stirred tank reactor
b) Fed-batch reactor
c) Continuous bioreactor
d) Fluidized bed bioreactorAnswer: b) Fed-batch reactor - Which of the following factors is typically controlled in a bioreactor to optimize microbial growth? a) Temperature
b) pH
c) Oxygen supply
d) All of the aboveAnswer: d) All of the above - Which bioreactor is most suitable for high shear-sensitive cells? a) Stirred tank reactor
b) Airlift reactor
c) Fluidized bed reactor
d) Packed bed reactorAnswer: b) Airlift reactor - What is the typical operating mode of a bioreactor used for large-scale monoclonal antibody production? a) Batch mode
b) Continuous mode
c) Fed-batch mode
d) Fluidized bed modeAnswer: c) Fed-batch mode - Which bioreactor has the least amount of shear stress applied to the microbial culture? a) Stirred tank bioreactor
b) Airlift bioreactor
c) Continuous stirred tank reactor
d) Fluidized bed bioreactorAnswer: b) Airlift bioreactor - What is a primary advantage of using a packed bed bioreactor for enzyme production? a) High mixing rates
b) High surface area for microbial attachment
c) Continuous flow of nutrients
d) Minimal temperature control requiredAnswer: b) High surface area for microbial attachment - Which bioreactor is commonly used for wastewater treatment? a) Stirred tank bioreactor
b) Membrane bioreactor
c) Continuous bioreactor
d) Packed bed bioreactorAnswer: b) Membrane bioreactor - Which parameter is crucial for maintaining cell growth in a bioreactor? a) Nitrogen concentration
b) Oxygen concentration
c) Glucose concentration
d) All of the aboveAnswer: d) All of the above - What does a bioreactor’s aeration system do? a) Stir the culture medium
b) Remove toxic gases
c) Provide oxygen to the culture
d) Increase pressure inside the bioreactorAnswer: c) Provide oxygen to the culture - Which type of bioreactor is commonly used for growing bacteria in fermentation processes? a) Airlift bioreactor
b) Stirred tank bioreactor
c) Continuous bioreactor
d) All of the aboveAnswer: d) All of the above - Which type of reactor is preferred for high-productivity processes? a) Batch bioreactor
b) Stirred tank reactor
c) Continuous bioreactor
d) Fluidized bed reactorAnswer: c) Continuous bioreactor - What is a key feature of a fluidized bed bioreactor? a) Continuous culture of microorganisms
b) Immobilization of microorganisms on solid support
c) Use of air to mix culture
d) High shear forcesAnswer: b) Immobilization of microorganisms on solid support
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