1. What is the pathway followed by a reflex action?
a) Receptor → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord → Motor neuron → Effector
b) Motor neuron → Spinal cord → Sensory neuron → Receptor → Effector
c) Sensory neuron → Motor neuron → Spinal cord → Receptor → Effector
d) Receptor → Spinal cord → Effector → Sensory neuron → Motor neuron
Answer: a) Receptor → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord → Motor neuron → Effector
2. Which of the following is the correct definition of a reflex action?
a) A voluntary movement of muscles
b) A rapid, automatic response to a stimulus
c) A conscious decision to move
d) A slow response to external stimuli
Answer: b) A rapid, automatic response to a stimulus
3. The sensory neurons carry signals from the __________ to the spinal cord.
a) Brain
b) Effectors
c) Receptors
d) Motor neurons
Answer: c) Receptors
4. Reflex actions are processed in the __________.
a) Brain
b) Spinal cord
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Cerebellum
Answer: b) Spinal cord
5. In the case of a knee-jerk reflex, what is the effector?
a) Patellar tendon
b) Quadriceps muscle
c) Sensory neuron
d) Spinal cord
Answer: b) Quadriceps muscle
6. Reflex actions are primarily controlled by which part of the nervous system?
a) Central nervous system
b) Peripheral nervous system
c) Autonomic nervous system
d) Somatic nervous system
Answer: a) Central nervous system
7. Which of the following is an example of a reflex action?
a) Picking up a pen
b) Salivating at the sight of food
c) A sudden withdrawal of the hand from a hot surface
d) Stretching muscles while exercising
Answer: c) A sudden withdrawal of the hand from a hot surface
8. What is the role of the motor neuron in reflex action?
a) It carries the impulse from the spinal cord to the effector.
b) It detects the stimulus from the receptor.
c) It transmits signals to the brain.
d) It connects the sensory neuron to the spinal cord.
Answer: a) It carries the impulse from the spinal cord to the effector.
9. Which type of reflex involves only the spinal cord and not the brain?
a) Voluntary reflex
b) Cranial reflex
c) Spinal reflex
d) Conditional reflex
Answer: c) Spinal reflex
10. The withdrawal reflex is an example of a __________ reflex.
a) Spinal
b) Cranial
c) Sympathetic
d) Autonomic
Answer: a) Spinal
11. What is the function of the interneuron in a reflex action?
a) Carry impulses from the brain
b) Relays the signal from sensory neurons to motor neurons
c) Detects the stimulus
d) Carries impulse from motor neurons to the effector
Answer: b) Relays the signal from sensory neurons to motor neurons
12. Reflex actions are often __________ in nature.
a) Voluntary
b) Involuntary
c) Slow
d) Complex
Answer: b) Involuntary
13. The pathway of the reflex action from receptor to effector is called a __________.
a) Reflex arc
b) Neural loop
c) Sensory pathway
d) Motor circuit
Answer: a) Reflex arc
14. Which of the following is an example of a conditioned reflex?
a) Blinking in response to a bright light
b) Pulling a hand away from a hot object
c) Pavlov’s dog salivating at the sound of a bell
d) Knee jerk reaction
Answer: c) Pavlov’s dog salivating at the sound of a bell
15. What role does the brain play in a reflex action?
a) Directly controls the reflex action
b) Is not involved in the reflex arc
c) Receives signals to decide how to respond
d) Modifies the reflex if needed
Answer: b) Is not involved in the reflex arc
16. The knee-jerk reflex involves the __________ muscle.
a) Hamstring
b) Quadriceps
c) Gastrocnemius
d) Biceps
Answer: b) Quadriceps
17. In the reflex arc, which part of the nervous system detects the stimulus?
a) Sensory neuron
b) Motor neuron
c) Receptor
d) Interneuron
Answer: c) Receptor
18. The rapid withdrawal of a hand from a painful stimulus involves the __________ reflex.
a) Patellar
b) Pupillary
c) Withdrawal
d) Gag
Answer: c) Withdrawal
19. In a reflex action, where does the sensory neuron synapse with the motor neuron?
a) At the receptor
b) In the brain
c) In the spinal cord
d) At the effector
Answer: c) In the spinal cord
20. Which of the following is responsible for initiating the reflex action when you touch a hot object?
a) Interneuron
b) Sensory neuron
c) Motor neuron
d) Receptor
Answer: b) Sensory neuron
21. What is the function of an effector in a reflex action?
a) It detects the stimulus.
b) It receives signals from the sensory neurons.
c) It executes the response to the stimulus.
d) It carries signals to the spinal cord.
Answer: c) It executes the response to the stimulus.
22. A reflex action is a type of __________ response.
a) Voluntary
b) Conscious
c) Automatic
d) Deliberate
Answer: c) Automatic
23. The automatic control of heart rate and blood pressure is an example of __________ reflex.
a) Cranial
b) Autonomic
c) Spinal
d) Voluntary
Answer: b) Autonomic
24. Which of the following best describes a spinal reflex?
a) It involves only the brain and spinal cord.
b) It does not involve the spinal cord at all.
c) It involves the brain processing sensory information.
d) It involves only the spinal cord without brain involvement.
Answer: d) It involves only the spinal cord without brain involvement.
25. What happens during the patellar reflex?
a) The leg muscles contract when the patellar tendon is tapped.
b) The leg muscles relax when the patellar tendon is tapped.
c) The knee jerks to the left.
d) The knee jerks to the right.
Answer: a) The leg muscles contract when the patellar tendon is tapped.
26. Which of these reflexes involves the brain?
a) Knee-jerk reflex
b) Withdrawal reflex
c) Pupillary reflex
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Pupillary reflex
27. The basic function of a reflex action is to __________.
a) Help the body respond to a specific stimulus
b) Involve higher brain functions
c) Allow voluntary muscle control
d) Process sensory information
Answer: a) Help the body respond to a specific stimulus
28. Which of the following is true regarding reflexes?
a) Reflexes are always processed in the brain.
b) Reflexes always involve the spinal cord and not the brain.
c) Reflex actions are voluntary and conscious.
d) Reflexes result in an automatic response to stimuli.
Answer: d) Reflexes result in an automatic response to stimuli.
29. Which of the following reflexes is controlled by the medulla oblongata?
a) Knee-jerk reflex
b) Gag reflex
c) Withdrawal reflex
d) Corneal reflex
Answer: b) Gag reflex
30. Which of the following is true about the reflex arc?
a) It always involves the brain.
b) It consists of the sensory neuron, motor neuron, and interneuron.
c) It is always conscious and voluntary.
d) It is a complex pathway that includes multiple neural circuits.
Answer: b) It consists of the sensory neuron, motor neuron, and interneuron.
