1. What is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder?
a) Hemophilia
b) Cystic fibrosis
c) Huntington’s disease
d) Color blindness
Answer: c) Huntington’s disease
2. Which of the following is an example of an autosomal recessive disorder?
a) Hemophilia
b) Down syndrome
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Marfan syndrome
Answer: c) Sickle cell anemia
3. Which of the following is a common X-linked recessive disorder?
a) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
b) Cystic fibrosis
c) Phenylketonuria
d) Polycystic kidney disease
Answer: a) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
4. In a family with hemophilia, the disorder is inherited through which chromosome?
a) X chromosome
b) Y chromosome
c) Autosomal chromosome
d) None of the above
Answer: a) X chromosome
5. What type of inheritance pattern does color blindness follow?
a) Autosomal dominant
b) Autosomal recessive
c) X-linked recessive
d) X-linked dominant
Answer: c) X-linked recessive
6. Which genetic disorder results in a deficiency of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase?
a) Hemophilia
b) Phenylketonuria
c) Huntington’s disease
d) Down syndrome
Answer: b) Phenylketonuria
7. Which of the following genetic disorders is caused by a mutation in the CFTR gene?
a) Hemophilia
b) Cystic fibrosis
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Tay-Sachs disease
Answer: b) Cystic fibrosis
8. In X-linked recessive inheritance, which sex is primarily affected?
a) Males
b) Females
c) Both sexes equally
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Males
9. Which of the following disorders is caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21?
a) Turner syndrome
b) Down syndrome
c) Klinefelter syndrome
d) Fragile X syndrome
Answer: b) Down syndrome
10. Which of the following is an autosomal dominant disorder?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Achondroplasia
c) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
d) Tay-Sachs disease
Answer: b) Achondroplasia
11. A carrier of an autosomal recessive disorder typically has which genotype?
a) HH
b) Hh
c) hh
d) XHXh
Answer: b) Hh
12. Which of the following X-linked disorders affects males more severely than females?
a) Hemophilia
b) Color blindness
c) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
13. What is the inheritance pattern of Rett syndrome?
a) Autosomal recessive
b) Autosomal dominant
c) X-linked dominant
d) X-linked recessive
Answer: c) X-linked dominant
14. Which of the following is an example of an autosomal dominant disorder?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Marfan syndrome
c) Hemophilia
d) Phenylketonuria
Answer: b) Marfan syndrome
15. Which chromosome is typically affected in Down syndrome?
a) Chromosome 13
b) Chromosome 21
c) Chromosome 5
d) Chromosome 18
Answer: b) Chromosome 21
16. What type of inheritance does Duchenne muscular dystrophy follow?
a) Autosomal dominant
b) Autosomal recessive
c) X-linked recessive
d) X-linked dominant
Answer: c) X-linked recessive
17. Which of the following is not an X-linked disorder?
a) Hemophilia
b) Color blindness
c) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
d) Cystic fibrosis
Answer: d) Cystic fibrosis
18. In a family where both parents are carriers of sickle cell anemia, what is the chance their child will be affected?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 75%
d) 100%
Answer: a) 25%
19. Which of the following is a common feature of autosomal recessive disorders?
a) Affected individuals are typically heterozygous.
b) Both parents must carry the mutant allele for the disorder to be expressed.
c) The disorder is seen more in females than males.
d) It is usually inherited from a single parent.
Answer: b) Both parents must carry the mutant allele for the disorder to be expressed.
20. Which of the following disorders is caused by a defective gene on chromosome 7?
a) Huntington’s disease
b) Cystic fibrosis
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Phenylketonuria
Answer: b) Cystic fibrosis
21. Which of the following is true about X-linked dominant inheritance?
a) Only males are affected.
b) Affected males pass the trait to their daughters but not their sons.
c) The trait is equally likely to affect both males and females.
d) Affected females pass the trait to 50% of their offspring.
Answer: b) Affected males pass the trait to their daughters but not their sons.
22. What is the chance of a daughter inheriting hemophilia if her father is affected and her mother is a carrier?
a) 0%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d) 100%
Answer: c) 50%
23. Which genetic disorder involves a deficiency in clotting factor VIII?
a) Hemophilia A
b) Hemophilia B
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Cystic fibrosis
Answer: a) Hemophilia A
24. What is the inheritance pattern of phenylketonuria (PKU)?
a) Autosomal dominant
b) Autosomal recessive
c) X-linked dominant
d) X-linked recessive
Answer: b) Autosomal recessive
25. What is the likelihood of a male inheriting an X-linked recessive disorder from his father?
a) 0%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d) 100%
Answer: a) 0%
26. Which of the following disorders is caused by a triplet repeat expansion?
a) Huntington’s disease
b) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
c) Cystic fibrosis
d) Tay-Sachs disease
Answer: a) Huntington’s disease
27. Which of the following describes an X-linked recessive disorder?
a) Affected males inherit the disorder from their mothers.
b) Affected females inherit the disorder from both parents.
c) The disorder affects females more often than males.
d) It is typically inherited through the Y chromosome.
Answer: a) Affected males inherit the disorder from their mothers.
28. What is the most common autosomal dominant disorder?
a) Huntington’s disease
b) Achondroplasia
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Marfan syndrome
Answer: b) Achondroplasia
29. Which of the following is a symptom of Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
a) Difficulty in walking and muscle weakness
b) Early-onset hearing loss
c) Excessive body hair
d) Decreased pigmentation in the skin
Answer: a) Difficulty in walking and muscle weakness
30. What is the primary characteristic of an X-linked recessive genetic disorder?
a) It affects both males and females equally.
b) Females are usually affected more severely than males.
c) Males are more commonly affected than females.
d) It is inherited through the autosomes.
Answer: c) Males are more commonly affected than females.
These MCQs cover a range of topics related to genetic disorders, focusing on autosomal and X-linked traits.
