1. Which of the following is true about anabolic reactions?
A) They release energy
B) They break down molecules
C) They build complex molecules
D) They occur in the mitochondria
Answer: C) They build complex molecules
2. Catabolic reactions are primarily involved in:
A) Energy storage
B) Energy release
C) Protein synthesis
D) DNA replication
Answer: B) Energy release
3. Which molecule is commonly produced during catabolic reactions?
A) ATP
B) NADPH
C) RNA
D) Glucose
Answer: A) ATP
4. An example of an anabolic pathway is:
A) Glycolysis
B) Photosynthesis
C) Cellular respiration
D) Fermentation
Answer: B) Photosynthesis
5. Which process is an example of a catabolic pathway?
A) Protein synthesis
B) Gluconeogenesis
C) Glycolysis
D) Fatty acid synthesis
Answer: C) Glycolysis
6. What is the main energy currency of cells used in anabolic reactions?
A) Glucose
B) ATP
C) NADH
D) Pyruvate
Answer: B) ATP
7. In which cellular organelle does catabolism primarily occur?
A) Nucleus
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Mitochondria
D) Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: C) Mitochondria
8. Anabolism is most associated with which of the following?
A) Energy release
B) Molecule breakdown
C) Energy storage
D) Heat production
Answer: C) Energy storage
9. Catabolic reactions are typically:
A) Endergonic
B) Exergonic
C) Neutral
D) Irreversible
Answer: B) Exergonic
10. Which coenzyme is commonly reduced in anabolic reactions?
A) NAD+
B) FAD
C) NADPH
D) Coenzyme Q
Answer: C) NADPH
11. Which of the following is a product of catabolic pathways?
A) ADP
B) Lipids
C) ATP
D) DNA
Answer: C) ATP
12. During an anabolic reaction, small molecules are:
A) Converted into energy
B) Broken into smaller units
C) Combined into larger molecules
D) Excreted from the cell
Answer: C) Combined into larger molecules
13. The process of breaking down glucose for energy is called:
A) Photosynthesis
B) Gluconeogenesis
C) Glycolysis
D) Beta-oxidation
Answer: C) Glycolysis
14. What type of reaction is involved in protein synthesis?
A) Catabolic
B) Anabolic
C) Redox
D) Hydrolytic
Answer: B) Anabolic
15. Which of the following is NOT a feature of catabolic reactions?
A) Production of heat
B) Release of energy
C) Degradation of molecules
D) Consumption of ATP
Answer: D) Consumption of ATP
16. The synthesis of lipids is an example of:
A) Anabolism
B) Catabolism
C) Hydrolysis
D) Oxidation
Answer: A) Anabolism
17. What is the role of enzymes in metabolic pathways?
A) Lower activation energy
B) Provide energy for reactions
C) Act as reactants
D) Maintain equilibrium
Answer: A) Lower activation energy
18. Which of the following best describes catabolic reactions?
A) Energy-consuming
B) Energy-releasing
C) Non-spontaneous
D) Energy-neutral
Answer: B) Energy-releasing
19. Which molecule is often used as an electron carrier in catabolic reactions?
A) NADH
B) ATP
C) FADH2
D) Both A and C
Answer: D) Both A and C
20. Anabolic pathways require which of the following for operation?
A) ADP
B) ATP
C) Pyruvate
D) NADH
Answer: B) ATP
21. The Calvin cycle is an example of:
A) Catabolism
B) Anabolism
C) Fermentation
D) Respiration
Answer: B) Anabolism
22. The breakdown of fatty acids into acetyl-CoA is known as:
A) Gluconeogenesis
B) Glycogenesis
C) Beta-oxidation
D) Photosynthesis
Answer: C) Beta-oxidation
23. What is the primary purpose of catabolic reactions?
A) Build cellular structures
B) Store energy as fat
C) Provide energy for cellular processes
D) Synthesize complex molecules
Answer: C) Provide energy for cellular processes
24. Which pathway converts small precursor molecules into complex macromolecules?
A) Anabolic pathway
B) Catabolic pathway
C) Glycolytic pathway
D) Oxidative pathway
Answer: A) Anabolic pathway
25. ATP synthesis in mitochondria during cellular respiration is an example of:
A) Catabolic reaction
B) Anabolic reaction
C) Dehydration reaction
D) Redox reaction
Answer: A) Catabolic reaction
26. Photosynthesis is an example of:
A) Catabolic process
B) Anabolic process
C) Oxidative process
D) Exergonic reaction
Answer: B) Anabolic process
27. What happens to energy released during catabolic reactions?
A) Stored as glucose
B) Lost as heat
C) Stored in ATP
D) Converted to proteins
Answer: C) Stored in ATP
28. In metabolic pathways, the intermediates are called:
A) Products
B) Precursors
C) Substrates
D) Metabolites
Answer: D) Metabolites
29. Which of the following best describes the relationship between anabolic and catabolic pathways?
A) Mutually exclusive
B) Complementary
C) Independent
D) Irrelevant
Answer: B) Complementary
30. The urea cycle is an example of:
A) Anabolic pathway
B) Catabolic pathway
C) Amphibolic pathway
D) None of the above
Answer: C) Amphibolic pathway
