1. What is the primary cause of biodiversity loss due to climate change?
A) Habitat fragmentation
B) Overexploitation of species
C) Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns
D) Pollution
Answer: C) Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns
2. Which ecosystem is most vulnerable to climate change?
A) Desert
B) Tropical rainforest
C) Arctic tundra
D) Grasslands
Answer: C) Arctic tundra
3. How does ocean acidification affect marine biodiversity?
A) Promotes coral growth
B) Reduces the availability of calcium carbonate for shell-forming organisms
C) Enhances fish reproduction rates
D) Increases oxygen levels in water
Answer: B) Reduces the availability of calcium carbonate for shell-forming organisms
4. Which phenomenon describes the shift of species to higher altitudes due to climate change?
A) Migration
B) Altitudinal range shift
C) Habitat expansion
D) Genetic drift
Answer: B) Altitudinal range shift
5. What is the term for species that cannot adapt quickly enough to changing climates?
A) Keystone species
B) Endemic species
C) Climate-sensitive species
D) Invasive species
Answer: C) Climate-sensitive species
6. Which of the following is an indirect effect of climate change on biodiversity?
A) Increased temperatures
B) Habitat destruction
C) Altered food web dynamics
D) Rising sea levels
Answer: C) Altered food web dynamics
7. What impact does melting ice in polar regions have on biodiversity?
A) Creation of new habitats
B) Loss of habitats for ice-dependent species
C) Increase in species diversity
D) Stabilization of global temperatures
Answer: B) Loss of habitats for ice-dependent species
8. Coral bleaching is primarily caused by:
A) Excessive fishing
B) Ocean warming
C) Increased salinity
D) Declining pH levels
Answer: B) Ocean warming
9. How does deforestation exacerbate climate change’s impact on biodiversity?
A) Increases CO₂ absorption
B) Enhances natural habitats
C) Contributes to habitat loss and carbon emissions
D) Promotes species migration
Answer: C) Contributes to habitat loss and carbon emissions
10. What is phenological mismatch?
A) Inability of species to reproduce
B) Mismatch between species’ life cycles and environmental changes
C) Adaptation to new habitats
D) Extinction due to habitat loss
Answer: B) Mismatch between species’ life cycles and environmental changes
11. Which species are most at risk from rising sea levels?
A) Mountain animals
B) Desert plants
C) Coastal and island species
D) Freshwater fish
Answer: C) Coastal and island species
12. What is the role of biodiversity in combating climate change?
A) Reducing greenhouse gases
B) Enhancing soil erosion
C) Promoting deforestation
D) Disrupting ecosystems
Answer: A) Reducing greenhouse gases
13. Climate change often facilitates the spread of:
A) Keystone species
B) Endemic species
C) Invasive species
D) Extinct species
Answer: C) Invasive species
14. What is the primary effect of prolonged droughts on biodiversity?
A) Species extinction
B) Increase in ecosystem productivity
C) Stabilization of climate patterns
D) Growth of invasive species
Answer: A) Species extinction
15. How does climate change affect migratory species?
A) Improves migration routes
B) Disrupts timing and routes of migration
C) Increases food availability
D) Stabilizes population dynamics
Answer: B) Disrupts timing and routes of migration
16. Which type of biodiversity is most impacted by habitat loss due to climate change?
A) Genetic biodiversity
B) Ecosystem biodiversity
C) Species biodiversity
D) Agricultural biodiversity
Answer: C) Species biodiversity
17. How does increased atmospheric CO₂ affect plant biodiversity?
A) Increases photosynthesis rates in all plants
B) Reduces competition among species
C) Promotes growth of invasive plant species
D) Stabilizes native plant populations
Answer: C) Promotes growth of invasive plant species
18. Which adaptive strategy helps species survive changing climates?
A) Increased genetic diversity
B) Habitat destruction
C) Rapid migration
D) Lack of competition
Answer: A) Increased genetic diversity
19. What role do wetlands play in mitigating climate change impacts?
A) Carbon sequestration and flood control
B) Habitat destruction
C) Decreasing species diversity
D) Stabilizing desert ecosystems
Answer: A) Carbon sequestration and flood control
20. Which of the following is an indicator of climate change\u2019s impact on biodiversity?
A) Stable ecosystems
B) Increased species richness
C) Population declines and extinctions
D) Reduced CO₂ emissions
Answer: C) Population declines and extinctions
21. Rising global temperatures directly lead to:
A) Stabilized weather patterns
B) Expansion of polar ice caps
C) Increased risk of wildfires
D) Decreased ocean levels
Answer: C) Increased risk of wildfires
22. How does the loss of biodiversity affect ecosystems?
A) Strengthens ecosystem resilience
B) Weakens ecosystem stability and services
C) Reduces environmental degradation
D) Enhances genetic variability
Answer: B) Weakens ecosystem stability and services
23. What is the primary reason amphibians are vulnerable to climate change?
A) Limited habitats
B) Permeable skin sensitive to environmental changes
C) Low reproductive rates
D) Inability to migrate
Answer: B) Permeable skin sensitive to environmental changes
24. Ocean warming primarily affects which organisms first?
A) Large fish species
B) Coral reefs and plankton
C) Marine mammals
D) Sea birds
Answer: B) Coral reefs and plankton
25. The extinction of pollinators due to climate change impacts:
A) Soil erosion
B) Crop production and plant diversity
C) Fossil fuel reserves
D) Coral reef ecosystems
Answer: B) Crop production and plant diversity
26. The primary driver of Arctic biodiversity loss is:
A) Overfishing
B) Melting sea ice
C) Soil degradation
D) Increased vegetation
Answer: B) Melting sea ice
27. Which region\u2019s biodiversity is most threatened by desertification?
A) Polar regions
B) Grasslands
C) Tropical forests
D) Savannahs
Answer: D) Savannahs
28. How does loss of genetic diversity affect a species?
A) Increases adaptability
B) Reduces resilience to climate change
C) Promotes population growth
D) Enhances ecosystem balance
Answer: B) Reduces resilience to climate change
29. Which climatic factor most affects freshwater biodiversity?
A) Ocean acidification
B) Altered precipitation patterns and water availability
C) Increased salinity
D) Atmospheric pressure changes
Answer: B) Altered precipitation patterns and water availability
30. How do protected areas help mitigate climate change\u2019s impact on biodiversity?
A) By restricting ecosystem recovery
B) By providing habitats and migration corridors
C) By promoting species competition
D) By allowing deforestation
Answer: B) By providing habitats and migration corridors
