- What is RNA interference (RNAi)?
- A) A process of DNA replication
- B) A method of gene silencing through RNA molecules
- C) A type of RNA synthesis
- D) A protein folding mechanism
- Answer: B) A method of gene silencing through RNA molecules
- Which molecule is responsible for triggering RNA interference?
- A) mRNA
- B) miRNA and siRNA
- C) tRNA
- D) rRNA
- Answer: B) miRNA and siRNA
- What is the primary function of small interfering RNA (siRNA)?
- A) To bind to mRNA and degrade it
- B) To synthesize proteins
- C) To form ribosomes
- D) To replicate DNA
- Answer: A) To bind to mRNA and degrade it
- Which of the following is NOT a method of inducing RNA interference?
- A) Transfection of synthetic siRNA
- B) Introduction of miRNA mimics
- C) Gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9
- D) Viral delivery of siRNA
- Answer: C) Gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9
- What is the role of Dicer in RNA interference?
- A) It degrades the target mRNA
- B) It converts double-stranded RNA into small RNA fragments
- C) It assembles the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)
- D) It synthesizes new RNA molecules
- Answer: B) It converts double-stranded RNA into small RNA fragments
- In RNA interference, which complex is responsible for mRNA degradation?
- A) Transcription factor complex
- B) RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)
- C) Ribosome complex
- D) CRISPR complex
- Answer: B) RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)
- What is the origin of microRNA (miRNA)?
- A) miRNA is encoded by the host DNA
- B) miRNA is synthesized in the cytoplasm
- C) miRNA is derived from viral genomes
- D) miRNA is directly produced from mRNA
- Answer: A) miRNA is encoded by the host DNA
- Which of the following processes is NOT influenced by RNA interference?
- A) Regulation of gene expression
- B) Viral defense mechanisms
- C) Protein degradation
- D) DNA repair
- Answer: D) DNA repair
- Which of these molecules is a natural trigger of RNA interference?
- A) DNA
- B) miRNA
- C) siRNA
- D) Both B and C
- Answer: D) Both B and C
- Which step involves the incorporation of the small RNA into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)?
- A) Dicing of long RNA into small pieces
- B) Binding of the small RNA to mRNA
- C) Degradation of the target mRNA
- D) Initiation of transcription
- Answer: B) Binding of the small RNA to mRNA
- What is the key difference between siRNA and miRNA?
- A) miRNA is derived from transposons, while siRNA is from viruses
- B) siRNA is always synthetic, while miRNA is naturally occurring
- C) siRNA is double-stranded, while miRNA is single-stranded
- D) miRNA usually causes partial silencing, while siRNA causes complete silencing
- Answer: D) miRNA usually causes partial silencing, while siRNA causes complete silencing
- What is the main application of RNA interference in medical research?
- A) Protein synthesis regulation
- B) Gene silencing for studying gene function
- C) Enhancing transcription rates
- D) Increasing cellular metabolism
- Answer: B) Gene silencing for studying gene function
- In RNA interference, what does the RISC complex primarily do?
- A) Transcribe genes into mRNA
- B) Bind to and cleave complementary mRNA sequences
- C) Replicate viral DNA
- D) Synthesize new RNA molecules
- Answer: B) Bind to and cleave complementary mRNA sequences
- Which of the following is a major use of RNA interference in agriculture?
- A) Enhancing plant growth
- B) Improving resistance to pests and diseases
- C) Increasing photosynthesis efficiency
- D) Boosting nutrient uptake
- Answer: B) Improving resistance to pests and diseases
- Which of these techniques uses RNA interference for therapeutic purposes?
- A) Gene therapy
- B) RNAi-based drugs for viral infections
- C) CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing
- D) Antisense RNA therapy
- Answer: B) RNAi-based drugs for viral infections
- Which of the following is an example of RNA interference being used to treat a disease?
- A) RNAi targeting the virus responsible for HIV
- B) RNAi used for genetic modification of crops
- C) RNAi targeting bacterial infections
- D) All of the above
- Answer: A) RNAi targeting the virus responsible for HIV
- What is the role of Argonaute proteins in RNA interference?
- A) Synthesize small RNAs
- B) Bind to and stabilize the RNA-RISC complex
- C) Facilitate mRNA degradation
- D) Inhibit transcription of target genes
- Answer: B) Bind to and stabilize the RNA-RISC complex
- What type of RNA is commonly used in therapeutic RNA interference-based treatments?
- A) tRNA
- B) mRNA
- C) siRNA
- D) rRNA
- Answer: C) siRNA
- How does RNA interference contribute to antiviral defense?
- A) By inhibiting the replication of viral DNA
- B) By degrading viral RNA
- C) By enhancing immune response
- D) By blocking viral entry into the host cell
- Answer: B) By degrading viral RNA
- Which of the following is true about the delivery of RNAi therapeutics?
- A) They are delivered via naked DNA plasmids
- B) RNAi can be delivered using viral vectors or nanoparticles
- C) They are directly ingested as a food supplement
- D) RNAi is ineffective when delivered through the bloodstream
- Answer: B) RNAi can be delivered using viral vectors or nanoparticles
- What makes RNA interference a potential strategy for cancer treatment?
- A) It boosts the immune system against cancer cells
- B) It silences genes involved in tumor growth
- C) It promotes the expression of tumor-suppressor genes
- D) It activates viral genes to attack cancer cells
- Answer: B) It silences genes involved in tumor growth
- Which step of RNA interference involves the recognition of the target mRNA by siRNA or miRNA?
- A) Transcription
- B) Cleavage of RNA
- C) Base pairing with the mRNA
- D) RNA replication
- Answer: C) Base pairing with the mRNA
- Which of the following processes is affected by RNA interference in gene expression?
- A) Transcription
- B) Translation
- C) Post-translational modifications
- D) Both transcription and translation
- Answer: D) Both transcription and translation
- What is the function of the RISC complex in RNA interference?
- A) To synthesize mRNA
- B) To degrade mRNA by cleaving it
- C) To replicate the viral genome
- D) To transcribe genes into RNA
- Answer: B) To degrade mRNA by cleaving it
- What type of RNA molecule is directly involved in the silencing of genes in RNA interference?
- A) mRNA
- B) siRNA and miRNA
- C) tRNA
- D) rRNA
- Answer: B) siRNA and miRNA
- What is the primary advantage of using RNA interference in research and medicine?
- A) It allows for precise control of gene expression
- B) It promotes viral replication
- C) It induces cell division
- D) It increases protein synthesis
- Answer: A) It allows for precise control of gene expression
- Which cellular machinery is used for the degradation of mRNA in RNA interference?
- A) Ribosome
- B) Proteasome
- C) RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)
- D) Endoplasmic reticulum
- Answer: C) RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)
- Which of the following is NOT a method used to deliver RNAi molecules in therapeutic applications?
- A) Lipid nanoparticles
- B) Electroporation
- C) Injection of plasmids
- D) Direct oral administration of RNA
- Answer: D) Direct oral administration of RNA
- What is the typical size range of siRNA molecules used in RNA interference?
- A) 10-20 nucleotides
- B) 50-100 nucleotides
- C) 200-300 nucleotides
- D) 1000-2000 nucleotides
- Answer: A) 10-20 nucleotides
- Which of the following diseases is RNA interference-based therapy being explored for?
- A) Cancer
- B) HIV/AIDS
- C) Hepatitis
- D) All of the above
- Answer: D) All of the above
Home Biology Topics with MCQs Biotechnology MCQs on “Gene Silencing Techniques: RNA Interference Explained”
MCQs on “Gene Silencing Techniques: RNA Interference Explained”
- Advertisement -
HOT NEWS
Rome
Rome
Rome, Italy’s capital, is a sprawling, cosmopolitan city with nearly 3,000 years of globally influential art, architecture and culture on display. Ancient ruins such...
