1. What is bioethics in the context of genetic research?
A) The ethical consideration of genetic mutations
B) The study of the moral issues raised by advancements in genetics
C) The science of genetic engineering
D) The legal implications of genetic patents
Answer: B) The study of the moral issues raised by advancements in genetics
2. Which of the following is a primary concern of bioethics in genetic research?
A) Public health
B) Informed consent
C) Scientific discovery
D) Corporate funding
Answer: B) Informed consent
3. Which bioethical principle emphasizes the need for respect for individual autonomy?
A) Justice
B) Beneficence
C) Autonomy
D) Non-maleficence
Answer: C) Autonomy
4. Genetic testing for disease predisposition can raise ethical concerns about:
A) Intellectual property rights
B) Confidentiality and privacy
C) Population control
D) Species classification
Answer: B) Confidentiality and privacy
5. The concept of gene editing involves:
A) Changing genetic material in cells
B) Cloning organisms
C) Cloning genes
D) Gene therapy using stem cells
Answer: A) Changing genetic material in cells
6. Which technology is primarily associated with gene editing?
A) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
B) CRISPR-Cas9
C) Gel electrophoresis
D) RNA interference
Answer: B) CRISPR-Cas9
7. A key ethical issue related to germline gene editing is:
A) Creating genetically modified crops
B) Unintended consequences for future generations
C) Intellectual property theft
D) Cloning human organs
Answer: B) Unintended consequences for future generations
8. The ethical concern about ‘designer babies’ is primarily related to:
A) Embryonic stem cell research
B) Enhancement of non-disease traits
C) Increased healthcare costs
D) Gene patents
Answer: B) Enhancement of non-disease traits
9. Informed consent in genetic research refers to:
A) Consent obtained after full disclosure of risks and benefits
B) Approval from government bodies
C) Parental consent only
D) Medical consent for clinical trials
Answer: A) Consent obtained after full disclosure of risks and benefits
10. What is the concern of ‘genetic determinism’?
A) The belief that genes solely determine a person’s traits
B) Ethical consequences of genetic patents
C) The influence of environment on genetic outcomes
D) The use of gene therapy for cosmetic purposes
Answer: A) The belief that genes solely determine a person’s traits
11. A potential ethical dilemma in genetic research is:
A) The cost of gene therapies
B) Access to genetic data
C) Cloning humans for organ donation
D) Genetic counseling accuracy
Answer: B) Access to genetic data
12. The human genome project was controversial primarily because of concerns regarding:
A) The accuracy of gene sequencing
B) The potential misuse of genetic information
C) Ethical treatment of test subjects
D) Informed consent
Answer: B) The potential misuse of genetic information
13. Which of the following is an example of an ethical issue in genetic counseling?
A) Disclosing genetic test results
B) Diagnosing genetic disorders
C) Research funding
D) Genetic modification of food
Answer: A) Disclosing genetic test results
14. What is ‘eugenics’ in the context of genetic research?
A) A method to improve crop yields
B) The study of human genetic diversity
C) The practice of improving the human race through genetic intervention
D) Using genetic research to understand diseases
Answer: C) The practice of improving the human race through genetic intervention
15. Ethical challenges in genetic research often arise from concerns about:
A) Medical expenses
B) Privacy and discrimination
C) Genetic engineering of plants
D) Public awareness of scientific findings
Answer: B) Privacy and discrimination
16. The principle of “non-maleficence” in bioethics refers to:
A) Doing good for others
B) Preventing harm to others
C) Ensuring fairness in genetic research
D) Encouraging participation in research
Answer: B) Preventing harm to others
17. Which ethical issue is associated with genetic data banking?
A) The ability to create genetically modified organisms
B) Ownership and privacy of genetic information
C) The risks of gene patents
D) Use of genetic data for advertising
Answer: B) Ownership and privacy of genetic information
18. Informed consent for genetic research should include which of the following?
A) The risks and potential benefits of the study
B) The participant’s genetic background
C) The scientific goals of the research
D) The genetic modifications that may occur
Answer: A) The risks and potential benefits of the study
19. A major concern regarding the use of genetic information in employment is:
A) The ability to predict career success
B) Genetic-based discrimination
C) Genetic enhancements for workplace efficiency
D) Medical record sharing
Answer: B) Genetic-based discrimination
20. Genetic research has potential benefits for disease prevention, but an ethical challenge could be:
A) The cost of genetic research
B) The lack of scientific consensus
C) The potential misuse of genetic information by insurers
D) Unintended mutations in laboratory animals
Answer: C) The potential misuse of genetic information by insurers
21. The ethical concept of ‘justice’ in bioethics refers to:
A) Treating all individuals fairly
B) The right to own genetic data
C) Ensuring high funding for genetic research
D) Allowing genetic modifications for societal betterment
Answer: A) Treating all individuals fairly
22. Which of the following could be a negative outcome of genetic engineering?
A) Enhanced crop production
B) Increased biodiversity
C) Ethical dilemmas related to cloning
D) Reduced medical costs
Answer: C) Ethical dilemmas related to cloning
23. Which ethical issue is associated with cloning human cells for research?
A) Genetic diversity
B) Human dignity and rights
C) Genetic sequencing accuracy
D) Creating genetically identical organisms
Answer: B) Human dignity and rights
24. What is one of the primary concerns regarding genetic modification in humans?
A) The accuracy of gene editing tools
B) The potential for unintended genetic mutations
C) The cost of genetic modification
D) The long-term effectiveness of the research
Answer: B) The potential for unintended genetic mutations
25. Gene therapy for genetic disorders raises ethical concerns primarily because of:
A) The efficacy of the treatment
B) The possibility of changing future generations’ genetic makeup
C) The high cost of therapy
D) Genetic patenting
Answer: B) The possibility of changing future generations’ genetic makeup
26. What is a primary bioethical issue surrounding genetic testing for prenatal screening?
A) The cost of genetic testing
B) The accuracy of test results
C) Deciding whether to terminate pregnancies based on results
D) The ability to test embryos
Answer: C) Deciding whether to terminate pregnancies based on results
27. Genetic patents raise ethical issues regarding:
A) Public access to genetic research
B) Who owns genetic information
C) The cost of genetic therapy
D) The accuracy of patent claims
Answer: B) Who owns genetic information
28. The term ‘bioprivacy’ in bioethics refers to:
A) Keeping biological data private and secure
B) The ability to modify organisms
C) Disclosing genetic information for medical purposes
D) The ethical creation of genetically modified crops
Answer: A) Keeping biological data private and secure
29. The concept of “genetic enhancement” raises concerns because it could lead to:
A) Improved disease resistance
B) Enhancement of non-medical traits
C) More genetic diversity
D) Better genetic counseling
Answer: B) Enhancement of non-medical traits
30. Which of the following is an ethical concern regarding genetic research in agriculture?
A) Modifying crops for greater yield
B) The environmental impact of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
C) Increasing food production
D) Reducing the cost of seeds
Answer: B) The environmental impact of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
These questions help evaluate understanding and awareness of bioethical issues in genetic research, emphasizing the need to consider both scientific and moral implications in biotechnology.
