Questions with answers on “Cytoskeleton and Its Role in Cell Structure”
1. What is the cytoskeleton, and what are its main components? Explain the roles of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. Answer: The cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments and tubules that provides structural support, shape, and organization to the cell. It plays a crucial role in cell division, intracellular transport, and cell movement. The main components of the cytoskeleton are: Microtubules:...
MCQs with answers on “Cytoskeleton and Its Role in Cell Structure”
1. What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton in a cell? a) Protein synthesis b) Cell division c) Maintaining cell shape and structure d) DNA replication Answer: c) Maintaining cell shape and structure 2. Which of the following is NOT a major component of the cytoskeleton? a) Microtubules b) Microfilaments c) Ribosomes d) Intermediate filaments Answer: c) Ribosomes 3. What is the primary protein component of microfilaments? a) Tubulin b) Actin c) Myosin d)...
Endoplasmic Reticulum: The Heart of Cellular Functions – Smooth vs. Rough
Introduction The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is one of the most essential organelles in eukaryotic cells, playing a central role in multiple physiological functions such as protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, calcium storage, and detoxification. It is a membrane-bound structure that exists in two distinct forms: the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). While both types of ER...
Questions with answers on the topic “Endoplasmic Reticulum: Smooth vs. Rough Functions”
1. What is the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in protein synthesis? Explain its involvement in post-translational modifications. Answer: The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) plays a crucial role in synthesizing proteins, particularly those destined for secretion, insertion into the cell membrane, or for use in lysosomes. Ribosomes attached to the RER translate mRNA into polypeptide chains, which...
MCQs with answers on the topic “Endoplasmic Reticulum: Smooth vs. Rough Functions.”
1. What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)? a) Lipid synthesis b) Protein synthesis c) Detoxification d) Carbohydrate synthesis Answer: b) Protein synthesis 2. Which of the following is characteristic of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)? a) Contains ribosomes b) Involved in lipid metabolism c) Involved in protein folding d) Synthesizes ribosomal RNA Answer: b) Involved...
Lysosomes and Peroxisomes: Guardians of Cellular Waste Management
Lysosomes and Peroxisomes: Guardians of Cellular Waste Management Introduction Cells are the fundamental units of life, and their proper functioning depends on effective waste management systems. Two critical organelles, lysosomes and peroxisomes, play a pivotal role in maintaining cellular health by processing and eliminating waste. These structures ensure that cellular components are recycled, toxins are neutralized, and harmful byproducts are degraded....
Questions and Answers on Lysosomes and Peroxisomes: Cellular Waste Management
1. Describe the structure of lysosomes. Lysosomes are membrane-bound spherical vesicles containing hydrolytic enzymes. Their membranes protect the cell from the enzymes within, which are active in an acidic environment (pH ~5). 2. Explain the role of lysosomes in autophagy. Autophagy is the process by which lysosomes degrade and recycle cellular components, such as damaged organelles, to maintain cellular homeostasis. 3. What is...
MCQs with Answers on “Lysosomes and Peroxisomes: Cellular Waste Management”
1. What is the primary function of lysosomes in a cell? A) Protein synthesis B) Lipid storage C) Cellular waste digestion D) Energy production Answer: C) Cellular waste digestion 2. Which enzyme is abundant in lysosomes? A) Lipase B) Protease C) Hydrolase D) Amylase Answer: C) Hydrolase 3. Lysosomes are often referred to as: A) The powerhouse of the cell B) The garbage disposal of the cell C) The control center of the cell D)...
Golgi Apparatus: The Cellular Hub for Packaging and Transport
Introduction The Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex or Golgi body, is a critical cellular organelle involved in the processing, packaging, and transport of biomolecules. Named after its discoverer, Camillo Golgi, this organelle is present in most eukaryotic cells and plays a pivotal role in maintaining cellular function. Acting as the cell's post office, the Golgi apparatus ensures...
Short Questions and Answers on “Golgi Apparatus: Packaging and Transport in Cells”
1. Who discovered the Golgi apparatus? Answer: Camillo Golgi 2. What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus? Answer: Packaging and transport of proteins and lipids. 3. What are the flattened sacs in the Golgi apparatus called? Answer: Cisternae 4. Which face of the Golgi apparatus receives vesicles from the ER? Answer: Cis face 5. Which face of the Golgi apparatus exports materials? Answer: Trans face 6. What...
